Empowering Responsible Consumers Through Ta’awun (Mutual Cooperation) for Sustainability
Table 1: Summary of the harmonisation of major theories in empowerment for responsible consumerism with
| Major Theories underpinned Responsible Consumerism | Harmonising | Elements of Ta’awun |
| Consumerism Studies Theories | Ta’awun (mutual cooperation) concept | Taqwa (piety) |
| social exchange theory | ||
| cognitive dissonance theory | ||
| motivation theories | ||
| Sustainable Development Theories | Al-Birr(righteousness) | |
| change theory | ||
| ecological modernization theory | ||
| sustainable development theory | ||
| ecosystem services theory | ||
| resilience thinking the |