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Socio-Economic Inclusiveness And The Size Of Shadow Economy: A Cross-Country Analysis

Table 1: Descriptive statistics, correlation matrix and VIF test results

Variables 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Mean (Total) 28.11 57.51 4.21 61.64 67.83 6.81 0.70 3.21 6.96 7.38 13.60 15.67 7.79
Std.Dev. (Total) 12.33 13.11 0.66 10.34 23.75 0.90 0.16 4.34 2.01 1.85 3.70 1.59 5.62
Mean (Advanced) 15.73 75.08 4.91 72.16 35.82 7.71 0.88 1.03 8.08 8.15 14.55 15.79 8.54
Mean (Developing) 32.55 51.20 3.93 57.86 79.02 6.48 0.63 3.97 6.55 7.09 13.26 15.63 7.53
VIF - 31.38 9.90 5.29 10.06 5.16 7.78 1.27 2.45 2.14 1.52 1.69 1.25
1. Shadow Economy 1                        
2. PI -0.70 1                      
3. GCI -0.70 0.89 1                    
4. HF -0.58 0.79 0.74 1                  
5. FSI 0.72 -0.94 -0.8 -0.74 1                
6. FI -0.49 0.76 0.69 0.86 -0.68 1              
7. HDI -0.65 0.91 0.84 0.66 -0.83 0.62 1            
8. GDP growth 0.13 -0.31 -0.2 -0.21 0.31 -0.2 -0.3 1          
9. Tax compliance -0.34 0.43 0.44 0.51 -0.40 0.52 0.35 -0.02 1        
10. Money Growth -0.25 0.38 0.38 0.44 -0.35 0.46 0.32 -0.05 0.71 1      
11. Fiscal Stability -0.28 0.28 0.45 0.29 -0.27 0.22 0.30 0.11 0.24 0.22 1    
12. Urban population -0.11 0.02 0.23 -0.10 0.03 -0.1 0.09 0.03 -0.2 -0.2 0.08 1  
13. Unemployment -0.01 0.05 -0.1 0.02 -0.06 0.06 0.08 -0.2 0.02 0.06 -0.23 -0.24 1
Source: author`s calculation
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