| Pricing Approach |
Pricing Methods |
Disadvantages |
Advantages |
| Cost approach |
- a break-even method;- direct cost method;- the “cost plus” method. |
- the difficulty of calculating the exact price of high-tech products, since most of its cost is R&D;- it is does not take into account competition and the goods quality level. |
- establishment of an upper price limit;- ease of calculation (if there is available information of R&D costs per unit of goods. |
| Profitable (parametric) approach |
- point method;- aggregate method;- method of specific indicators. |
- application of the approach is advisable only if all risks are calculated;- a group of parametric methods is used not for a new product, but for a product that complements or extends the product line;- the upper price limit may not satisfy the customer. |
- pricing may include R&D costs for the period of effective use of a high-tech product;- allows you to take into account the expected financial income from the use of a high-tech product. |
| Comparative approach |
- a competitor-based pricing method; - method of price barriers;- method of perceived value;- demand-oriented method. |
- it is applicable to a high-tech product only if competitors are present on the market, that is, goods of the same parametric series. |
- it is a generalizing method and most accurately characterizing the product group. |
