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Augmented Gravity Model of the Competitiveness of Renewable Energy Exports in Malaysia

Table 1:

Standard Gravity Model Simulation Gravity Model Augmented Gravity Model
C O N S T A N T -43.59** -39.987** -39.856**
(6.67) (6.43) (6.78)
l n G D P o , t 0.866** 0.831** 0.975**
(0.24) (0.28) (0.26)
l n G D P d , t 1.42** 1.254** 1.137**
(0.76) (0.06) (0.06)
l n R E D E M A N D d , t 0.065**
(0.028)
l n D I S T o , d -0.197** -0.106** -0.459**
(0.06) (0.038) (0.047)
L A N G o , d 0.267** 1.077** 0.347**
(0.074) (0.083) (0.85)
B O R o , d 2.568** 3.120** 2.568**
(0.17) (0.077) (0.14)
A S E A N F T A o , d 1.126** 1.184** 1.326**
(0.14) (0.07) (0.15)
( B F T A o , d ) -0.272 -0.238
(0.26) (0.182)
( B F T A s o , d ) 0.322**
(0.14)
l n C O 2 d , t -0.238**
(0.053)
( N C A o , d ) 0.299**
(0.050)
Number of obs. 169 169 169
Number of groups 19 19 19
R 2 0.69** 0.67** 0.72**
Wald χ 2 51791.93** 8840.1** 8179.4**
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