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Corruption VS Entrepreneurship In Developing Countries

Table 6:

Different-GMM System-GMM Different-GMM System-GMM
1-step 2-step 1-step 2-step 1-step 2-step 1-step 2-step
Augmented Robust Model 1: lnENT =lnNBD Augmented Robust Model 2: lnENT =lnGEI
lnENT (-1) 0.15*[2.23] 0.30*[2.47] 0.30*[2.59] 0.15*[2.31] 0.13*[2.13] 0.18*[2.20) 0.40*[3.91] 0.37*[3.38]
lnEDU -0.14*[-1.95] -0.70[-1.33] -0.14*[-2.94] -0.15*[-1.88] -2.39*[-1.81] -0.58[-1.47] -0.41*[-1.99] -0.08*[-2.59]
lnINV 0.07*[1.96] 0.12*[1.85] 0.11*[1.99] 0.06*[1.87] 0.83*[2.36] 0.56[1.44] 0.08*[1.75] 0.91*[2.15]
lnGDP 1.75*[1.78] 1.78*[2.27] 0.07*[2.65] 0.06*[2.23] 0.84*[1.90] 0.69*[2.05] 0.09*[2.65] 0.11*[2.84]
lnTRA 0.14*[1.94] 0.18*[2.22] 0.23*[2.49] 0.24*[2.36] 0.16*[2.17] 0.09*[2.20] 0.14*[2.12] 0.18*[2.30]
lnUEM 0.07*[2.37] 0.06*[2.54] 0.02*[2.06] 0.04*[1.91] 0.08*[1.96] 0.11*[2.17] 0.05*[2.01] 0.04*[2.65]
lnCOR 0.91*[1.76] 0.15*[1.97] 0.29*[2.25] 0.18*[2.15] 1.12*[2.48] 2.68*[2.08] 0.10*[1.84] 0.44*[1.96]
Model Criteria
AR(1) 0.01* 0.05* 0.00* 0.00* 0.01* 0.01* 0.01* 0.00*
AR(2) 0.12 0.10 0.49 0.48 0.62 0.86 0.37 0.45
Hansen Test 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.24 0.24 0.74 0.74
Dif-Sar - - 0.88 0.78 - - 0.46 0.70
Obs. 693 693 693 693 585 585 585 585
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