| Category |
Russia |
China |
USA |
EU Countries |
| Criteria for selecting technologies as the best |
Based on five criteria established in the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation “On the procedure for determining Technology as BAT, as well as the development, updating and publication of ITR BAT”: environmental impact, economic efficiency, resource use, implementation period, successful implementation on two or more Russian facilities |
Based on the criteria listed in each manual, which typically include an integrated examination of the raw materials of production processes, technologies, environmental management measures, levels of resource consumption and emissions, types of pollutants and operator compliance with ELVs |
The law and regulatory documents on its implementation set specific factors that should be taken into account, and the criteria for the rigidity of programs for emissions into the air |
The main criteria are the key environmental aspects and pollutants in the industry, economic feasibility and technical aspects |
| Peculiarities of the BAT methodology |
Stakeholder attraction, an objective choice of technology |
BAT may contribute to achieving ELVs |
Performance standards are generally applied in a quantitative form of marginal emissions, giving companies the flexibility to adjust how ELVs are adhered to, taking into account costs and other factors |
The methodology is tested and trusted, reliable and guarantees an improvement in the environment |
| Issues of the BAT Implementation |
Short deadlines for preparing BAT documents, not all parties are ready to participate, small enterprises are poorly involved |
Notable lack of transparency, problems of responsibility for achieving ELV, if BAT fail to provide results |
no data |
Limited resources, a long response time to rapid technological transformations, assessment is not based on life cycle principles |
