|  | Definitions | References | 
 
   
   | Flexibility | Flexibility is the ability to respond quickly to unpredictable conditions and it is an important measure to provide resilience. It is seen as intrinsic talent and different concept than agility. A system can be flexible without agility. | Behzadi, O’Sullivan, Olsen, & Zhang, (2017) Braunscheidel & Suresh (2009) | 
 
   
   | Responsiveness | Responsiveness is to respond to the consumer's wishes | Braunscheidel & Suresh (2009) | 
 
   
   | Visibility | It means to be able to see the supply chain from beginning to end and it depends on collaboration relationship. To increase SC visibility, sharing information among supply chain members is a key strategy | Christopher & Lee, (2004) | 
 
   
   | SCRM culture | SCRM culture describes the strengthening, sharing of SCRM-related values, and beliefs between the organization and its supply chain partners | Fan et al., (2017) | 
 
   
   | Retention | Retention is the adoption of all risk and doing nothing | Petersen & Lemke (2015) |