| Author |
Discipline/Area |
Focus |
Content of Focus |
| Robb (2000) |
Business Management |
Subsystems (integrated by resilient organizations) |
Performance System |
Adaptation System |
| Fiksel (2003) |
Environmental Science & System Theory |
Major system characteristics (contributing to resilience) |
DiversityEfficiency |
AdaptabilityCohesion |
| Westrum (2006) |
System Theory |
Concepts (included by resilience) |
AvoidanceSurvival |
Recovery |
| McManus, Seville, Brunsden and Vargo (2007) |
Risk & Emergency & Crisis Management |
Attributes of organizational resilience |
Situation AwarenessAdaptive Capacity |
Management of Keystone Vulnerability |
| Madni and Jackson (2009) |
System Theory |
Faces of resilience |
AvoidAdapt |
WithstandRecover |
| Ponomarov and Holcomb (2009) |
Supply Chain Management |
Elements of resilience |
Readiness and preparednessResponse and adaptation |
Recovery or adjustment |
| Somers (2009) |
Crisis Management |
Factors (thateffectively measure organizational resilience) |
Goal-directed solution seekingRisk avoidanceCritical situational understanding |
Ability of team members to fill multiple rolesDegree of reliance on information sourcesAccess to resources |
| Erol et al. (2010) |
Business Management |
Key characteristics and attributes of enterprise resilience |
AgilityFlexibility |
AdaptabilityConnectivity |
| Lengnick-Hall et al. (2011) |
Human Resource Management |
Dimensions of organizational resilience |
Cognitive DimensionConceptual orientationConstructive sense-makingContextual DimensionPsychological safetyDiffused power and accountabilityDeep social capitalBroad resource networks |
Behavioural DimensionLearned resourcefulnessOriginal/unscripted agilityPractical habitsBehavioural preparedness |
| Mafabi et al. (2012) |
Business & Strategic Management |
Elements of organizational resilience |
Organisational adaptationOrganisational value |
Organisational competitiveness |
| Boin and Van Eeten (2013) |
Public & Business Management |
Characteristics of a resilient organization |
High technical competenceA clear awareness of core events An elaborate set of procedures and practices |
A formal structure (that can be transformed into a decentralized, team-based approach to problem-solving)A ‘culture of reliability’ |
| De Oliveira Teixeira and Werther (2013) |
Strategic & Business Management |
Key dimensions of resilience |
Leadership and followership interplayOpen organizational culture |
Strategic planningMaking innovation a way of life |
| Pal et al. (2014) |
Business & Finance Management |
Enablers of resilience |
Assets & ResourcefulnessMaterialFinancialSocialNetworkIntangibleDynamic CompetitivenessFlexibilityRedundancyRobustnessNetworking |
Learning and CultureLeadership-Top Management Decision-MakingCollectiveness and sense-makingEmployee well-being |
| Seville, Opstal and Vargo (2015) |
Business Management |
Principles of a resilient organization |
Adaptive CapacityLeaders people want to followLearning organizationBuilding social capital |
Resilience as a team sportOperational excellenceSee the Opportunities |
