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Outside Initiative Model |
Mobilization Model |
Inside Initiative Model |
| Initiation |
Groups from outside the government have concerns, issues, or interests that are made into the public agenda. |
Groups or parties from within the government have issues, programs, policies, or interests. |
Groups or parties within the government or close to the government have issues, programs, policies, or interests. |
| Specification |
Parties or groups voice their interests and express them in the form of requests, proposals, movements, changes, etc. to decision makers. |
Those who have an interest in making policies without public involvement then announce to the public. |
Interested parties seek support to put a pressure on the decision makers. |
| Expansion |
Parties with interests seek support from other parties who also have the same interests so that these interests become the public agenda and get the attention of the government. |
Parties who have an interest in carrying out their policies or programs in the hope of getting support from the public. Formal and informal efforts were made to get support from the community. |
Parties with interests involve themselves in groups that are expected to help them and thus these interests are increasingly dominant and approved by decision makers. |
| Entrance |
Issues initiated by groups with an interest are on the public agenda. This issue is a concern that is considered by the public to require further action in the form of a program or policy, a formal agenda. |
The issue becomes a public agenda, where the public begins to realize and acknowledge the new program or policy, even though there are parties who do not agree with it. |
Issues become a formal agenda among certain groups by avoiding getting public attention or becoming a public agenda. |
