| Old paradigm of education |
Newparadigm of education |
Nature and features of educational materials in line with the new paradigm of education |
| A teacher takes responsibility |
Responsibility is assumed by teaching materials and students themselves |
Learning guides, teaching manuals and instructions, ELR and EEE become valuable besides textbooks and monographs |
| The main thing is the provision of information by the instructor and its "reproduction" by students (provision of information for future use, answers to unasked questions) |
The main thing is to jointly obtain information necessary for solving specific situations, searching for it to answer the questions that arise |
Tasks (questions, situations) precede the "text". Methodological materials with unsolved tasks -problems ("hot spots" of science) are valuable |
| The main activity of a student is under the guidance of an instructor |
The main activity of a student is under the guidance of an instructor |
Well-developed course programs and e-educational courses allowing students to plan and carry out their activities are important |
| Control at all stages is important. Questions are asked by the instructor |
Self-control is more important. A student asks. An instructor (or teaching materials) plays a supporting role |
Self-test materials preceding the presented information |
| Standard tasks are familiar to the instructor and there is stability. Students acquire knowledge and methods of activity reproductively. There are many samples of problem solving in the materials |
Dynamic phase of the life of society. Non-standard tasks are solved in conditions of lack or excess of conflicting information and the choice of the necessary information |
From standard textbooks to collections of situations, problems, cases, information necessary to solve them and links where you can find the answer to your questions |
| Scientific and pedagogical parallelism (theory is separated from practice and technology) |
Theory and practice are inseparable, combined into a single whole |
Training materials in which tasks, problems, specific situations are interspersed with the necessary information to solve them or instructions, tips where to find it |
| Subject-oriented learning |
Knowledge about oneself, about the world, about ways of activity and value orientations integrated within the framework of the educational field. Joint development by teachers and students of an integrated lesson that has wide application |
Study materials at the intersection of sciences, focused on solving specific problems |
| Man is a means. University-oriented leaning.State-oriented learning |
Man is the goal, the centre of the educational process. Interests of the individual, society and state |
Educational and methodological materials are focused on different categories of users (mandatory minimum is the "core", maximum is different) |
| Separate highly specialized manuals of individual authors are aimed at solving local problems ("everyone is his/her own behalf") |
Joint activities of instructors working in one educational program ("all for one"). Students create their own educational content within the framework of Web 2.0, which is the result of personal reflection on the material of the educational course |
A set of educational materials is developed in accordance with the objectives of the educational program and personal educational trajectory |
| The main activity of a student is under the guidance of an instructor |
The focus is made on independent work (planning, organization, self-control) |
Well-developed course programs, e-educational courses on various platforms, use of EEE and other ELR, which allow students to plan and carry out their activities, are important |
| Highly specialized (often rapidly aging) knowledge is valued |
Focus is made on what remains “when everything learned is forgotten” and on the ability to learn and relearn |
There is demand for educational materials on the methodology of education, self-education, teaching and learning. Students share their own learning experience and together with teachers create such educational materials that are always in demand (productive ways of activity) |
| Focus is on ready-made information |
The predominant mind set is to search for information |
References and information literature are important for training to work in new conditions of various consumers, links to ELR portals and information on how to work with them |
