Social Significance Of Physical Culture And Health-Improving Programmes In Heath Resort Sphere

Abstract

The socio-economic development of the leading countries leads not only to the struggle of superpowers for spheres of influence, the intensity of the development of new technologies, but also causes the emergence of the most severe social risks and threats that requires special mobilization of forces from human beings. The COVID-19 pandemic that has swept the planet has forced people to talk about health problems again, but the real situation in the field of maintaining health of Russian population suggests that achieving of the set goals is not a matter of the near future. It is proved that the health of the nation is the most important indicator of the state of development of the economic, social and cultural spheres of the country, as well as its strategic potential, the condition of social stability and well-being. It has been established that the most powerful resource in improving the health of the nation, increasing the life expectancy of the population can be the recovery of widespread spa treatment system. It is argued that the maintaining of public health should be based on the consolidation of all interrelated areas of the state policy, among which the spa treatment is the most important one. The article presents the results of the analysis of physical and health-improving activities, which was carried out from January 2011 to January 2020 on the basis of the Sochinsky health resort of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation.

Keywords: Health, heath resort sphere, physical and recreation activities

Introduction

Analysis of statistical data shows that the disease incidence of the population, despite the measures taken by the government, is steadily growing. 95% of the adult population suffer from chronic diseases, 85% of schoolchildren have diseases and developmental disorders. As a result of disappointing tendencies, namely continuing aging, a high level of disablement and disease incidence, the population’s need for health resort rehabilitation programmes is increasing. According to the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 60% of the adult population and 40% of children need health resort rehabilitation, but in fact the population’s needs for this type of services are met only by 5.9%. The reasons for this are predominantly socio-economic. The state, having transferred health resorts to the market sector, made them inaccessible for people; the collapsing infrastructure of a significant part of health resorts also cannot provide all services. Meanwhile, the statistics of more than one decade convincingly proves that spa treatment reduces the number of disease exacerbations of adults and young patients by 2-6 times, persistent and temporary disability is reduced by 2-3 times, the duration of active life and the working period of citizens increases.

Problem Statement

The once successfully functioning health resort system shows a persistent tendency to destruction, and the state’s indifference to the ongoing processes leads to the loss of a powerful lever in solving the problems of improving the population’s health. Meanwhile, in the countries of Western Europe, the United States, where human health is the matter of special concern of the state, a high-level factor that achieves the maximum result, namely wellness is considered to be a health resort activity (Monteson & Singer, 2004; Mueller & Kaufmann, 2001) as a special branch of the economy that offers the consumer a wide range of services for a healthy lifestyle (Tabbachi, 2008).

There is a happy exception, such as the health resort of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, where military personnel, soldiers of Special Forces units who performed their civil duty in hotspots, as well as their families undergo treatment and rehabilitation (Antipieva, 2009; Gavrishchuk, 2012; Nesterova, 2006; Trishkin et al., 2016).

At the moment, the military health system has a significant number of regulatory documents governing various aspects of the organization of health resort treatment of military personnel; these documents help to control the organization of medical rehabilitation of military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation (Grebenyuk et al., 2005; Merzlikin et al., 2016a; Ponomarenko et al., 2015). Special attention is paid to the medical and psychological rehabilitation of military personnel (Belevitin et al., 2009). And yet the regulatory framework governing the organization of sanatorium treatment and recreational activities of health resorts has not been sufficiently developed at the federal level (Merzlikin et al., 2016b), in particular, no attention has been paid to such an important component of rehabilitation and recovery measures as physical culture and health activities, which greatly enhances the effect of medical procedures (Nikitina, 2014).

Research Questions

The subject of the research is physical culture and health-improving activity on the basis of the Sochinsky health resort.

Purpose of the Study

The aim of the research is to study the experience of physical culture and health-improving activities of the Sochinsky health resort of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.

Research objectives:

• to study the number of people visited the gymnasiums of the health resort in the period from 2016 to 2019;
• to study the infrastructure of the Sochinsky health resort used for physical education and sports;
• to study the experience of attracting vacationers to physical culture and sports;
• to analyse the effectiveness of conducting morning therapeutic exercises in an unconventional form in the Sochinsky health resort.

Research Methods

To achieve the goal and solve the research problems, a set of complementary research methods was used such as methods of theoretical analysis (comparative, retrospective); diagnostic methods (questioning, interviewing, methods of studying and generalizing the experience of the Sochinsky health resort of the Ministry of Health of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation on attracting vacationers to various forms of work when conducting classes in the Department of physical therapy.

Findings

From January 2011 to January 2020, the research was conducted aimed at studying the effectiveness of the author’s programme in physical therapy.

In order to study the attitude of vacationers of the Sochinsky health resort of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation to therapeutic physical culture, a survey was conducted, in which 1,040 people took part, among them there were women and men from 36 to 65 years old, 140 people were from 25 to 35 years old.

The Sochinsky (formerly Voroshilovsky) health resort of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation has been functioning since May 1, 1934. Rich traditions of physical therapy were working out during its building, when the first sports grounds were being created. The management of the health resort always treated health-improving physical culture with respect. If an officer did not do morning exercises, he had to leave the resort. Until now, the gym wall bars and the old gymnastic set, which were used by prominent public figures, such as Marshals K. E. Voroshilov, G. K. Zhukov, I. S. Konev, D. T. Yazov and others, are carefully preserved in the department of physical therapy. Employees of the resort cherish this gymnastic set and believe that this sports equipment has a ‘sacral and magical effect that improves the health of vacationers.’

Health and wellness services are aimed at maintaining the health of vacationers. The potential of socio-economic and preventive effectiveness of resort rehabilitation is quite high.

Conclusion

Work experience and continuous observations of vacationers showed that those who completed a full course of health-improving gymnastics (21 days) felt an improvement in mood (90%), cognitive and physical activity increased by 38%, blood pressure normalized (89%), 15% vacationers noted a slight weight loss. After classes, 100% of the respondents noted removal of emotional and muscle tension, a strong desire to continue doing physical exercises after the end of the treatment. A questionnaire survey of vacationers in the Sochinsky health resort has showed that getting a new experience, the ability to integrate cognitive and physical activity, significantly affects the functional and mental state of a person. The conducted functional studies and psychological tests confirm the effectiveness of the physical rehabilitation programme carried out in the sanatorium. Exercising in a circle and in pairs increases communication skills, helps to overcome complexes, unites people, relieves tension, trains attention, improves mood. Vacationers believe that this is an effective method of solving social and everyday problems, one of the methods of relaxation, which has a particularly positive effect in the treatment of increased irritability, anxiety, and fatigue.

The experience of conducting therapeutic gymnastics in an unconventional form, using domestic melodies, has shown that this work is able to harmonize the personality of vacationers, inspire them to lead an active healthy lifestyle, and get joy from movements. Active movements in combination with the procedures offered by the sanatorium form positive emotions and have a beneficial effect on human health.

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