Features Of The Tax Component Calculation In The Activities Of Enterprises

Stimulators renovating fixed assets

Powerful factors are the following:

Reduced income tax wager with the augmentation of fixed assets. Actions are set by the government.

Let us consider the example, with growing Fo by 5 times (0.25), i.e. Fo = 1.25,  decreases by 0.025 (2.5 %) and is equal to 21.5 % (0.215).

One of the real and effective factors is:

1. Income tax rate reduction during increasing in the capital productivity indicator (CP) in the indicator. The level of this reduction can be set by each state independently.

We can assume that the basic income tax rate () is 20% (0.20) when the CP (MPA) is equal to 1 unit.

The level of increasing in CP by 0.05 points (5%) will be a decrease of by 0.005 points (0.5%).

Thus, if CP is increased by 5 times (0.25 points), that is CP = 1.25 units, will decrease by 0.025 points (2.5%) and it will be 21.5 % (0.215).

These actions and income tax rate might make an economic entity always to have high-tech devices, machinery, etc., which are necessary for its work. This will give opportunities, firstly, to increase revenue (V), and secondly, to increase the depreciation fund that will allow to get the optimal residual value (O_t), and as a result, to pay income tax (N_B) at reduced rates (Schymik, 2018).

The computation of the rate of revenue tax variation

The calculation of F_о for the calculating of the rate of income tax:

$F_0=\frac{V_t}{U_t}\le 1⟹\alpha \left(20\%\right)$

$F_0=\frac{V_t}{U_T}\ge 1\Rightarrow \alpha \left(lessthan20\%\right)$ (1)

Income tax rate calculation (Nt):

$T_t=D_t\cdot \alpha$ (2)

Before tax income calculation (Dt):

$D_t=V_t\cdot S_t$ (3)

Cost calculation (St):

$S_t=Z_t+A_t$ (4)

where Z_t is the production costs amount (excluding amortization).

Calculation of the rate of amortization (At):

$A_t=U_t\cdot \beta K_y$ (5)

I.e.

$T_{B_t}=\left(V_t-\left(Z_t+A_t\right)\right)\cdot \alpha$ (6)

If we assume that Z_t includes only the charges of depreciation, then

$$T_{B_t}=\left(V_t-A_t\right)\cdot \alpha$$

Middle annual cost calculation of taxable property:

Where t is equal to 1 quarter:

$$U_t=\frac{\left(U_H+U_1+\dots +U_3+U_K\right)}{3+1}$$

Where t is equal to 1 year:

$\stackrel{-}{U_t}=\frac{\left(U_H+U_1+\dots +U_3+U_K\right)}{12+1}$ (8)

The calculation of the tax total, which must be paid for tax period (a quarter, a half year, 9 months):

Pt = the value of middle anniversary property for tax period *  / 4

${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{t}}=\frac{\left(\stackrel{-}{{\mathit{U}}_{\mathit{t}}}\cdot \mathit{\gamma }\right)}{\mathit{4}}$ : (9)

At the end of the year: ${\mathit{P}}_{\mathit{t}}=\stackrel{-}{{\mathit{U}}_{\mathit{t}}}\cdot \mathit{\gamma }$ (10)

We constructed a mathematical model in order to study the formation trends and formulas’ derivation.

Over the 1^st year, the residual value of fixed assets is equal to their initial value, i.e.:

$U_0=\mathrm{\Pi }$ (11)

On the 2^nd year (t = 1), the residual cost is equal to the initial cost exclusive of amortization calculated with the help of Ку, i.e.:

$U_1=\mathrm{\Pi }-\mathrm{\Pi }\beta K_y=\mathrm{\Pi }\left(1-\beta K_y\right)$ (12)

The total of the variation income tax of the 1^st year is:

$N_{B_1}=\left(V_1-\beta K_y{U}_1\right)\alpha$ (13)

At t = 2

$$U_2=\mathrm{\Pi }\left(1-\beta K_y\right)-\mathrm{\Pi }\left(1-\beta K_y\right)\beta K_y$$

or

$U_2=\mathrm{\Pi }{\left(1-\beta K_y\right)}^2$ (14)

The model of formation of residual value at t is evident. Combining (1.11), (1.12) and (1.14), we get formula:

$U_t=\mathrm{\Pi }{\left(\beta K_y\right)}^t,t=\stackrel{-}{0,Q-1}$ (15)

The variation income tax amount is:

$T_{B_t}=\left(V_t-\left(\beta K_y{U}_t+N_t\right)\right)\alpha$ (16)

We can calculate the complete amount of adjourned income tax for Q summing up formula by t:

$T_B=\underset{t=0}{\overset{Q-1}{\sum }}{T}_{B_t}$ (17)

The conclusion of the formula for the calculation of the variation asset tax.

The calculation of the middle annual cost of fixed assets for 1 quarter, taking into account the formulas (8) and (9):

$P_t=\frac{\left(\left(\frac{U_{Ht}+U_1+\dots +U_{12}+U_{k_t}}{12+1}\right)\cdot \gamma \right)}{4}$ (18)

The calculation of the middle annual cost of fixed assets for the 1st year, taking into account the formulas (8) and (10):

$P_t=\left(\frac{\left(U_{Ht}+U_1+\dots +U_{12}+U_{k_t}\right)}{12+1}\right)\cdot \gamma$ (19)

Therefore, the final formula for the calculation of variable income and property tax taking into account the formulas (16) and (19) is as follows:

${T_B}_t=\left(V_t-\left(\beta K_y{U}_t+\left(\left(\frac{U_{H_t+U_1+\dots +U_{12}+U_{K_t}}}{12+1}\right)\cdot \gamma \right)\right)\right)\alpha$ (20)

The most advantageous strategy for the regulation of the residual value and depreciation reserves of fixed assets is the authority of economic entity to perform these activities according to state variational policy (Seoane, 2015).

Using the formulas given above an economic entity can answer the question when (t) or how long the value of the residual value should be optimal for the entity on the basis of tax rates.

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The data presented in Figure 2 previous graphs are inextricably linked with the data of two following ones

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As shown in two tables, the size of income tax should be inextricably connected with residual value of fixed assets and revenue, as well as the tax wager on property should be connected with the residual cost of fixed assets.