Poly- And Inter-Discursiveness In Complex Discourse

Abstract

This paper describes the basic principles of complex types of communicative action (for example, tourist discourse). Primary in this study is the poly- (at macro) and inter-discursiveness (at the micro level) of various types of discursive spaces in the formation of adequate perlocution taking into account the illocution of tourism discourse. The study analyzes both the genre and thematic determinism of derivation. The authors naturally come to the conclusion that the poly- and inter-discursive components of the complex text are combined due to not only a change in typological characteristics, but also because of the inherent modification of communication codes (inclusion of audio, visual elements in the fabric of verbal text). The analysis postulates the impossibility of studying modern complex discursive practices outside the concept of paradigmatic discourse-reliance both in the aspect of macrostructural polydiscursiveness and microstructural interdiscursive formation. The basis for observing interdiscursiveness is the primacy of the situationality constant within the variability of topics in the tourism sector. In the aspect of the structural organization of dominant themes that form the ideological and cultural pretext of a complex space, but also the randomness of facts and images. In contrast to the inter-component, the polydiscursive at the macrostructural level is distinguished by conventionality. These elements standardize the discursive tourist space and ensure the internal unity of its generalized content and the regularity of reproduction of functional and pragmatic settings. Common perlocutionary dominants are verbalized in the nuclear components of complex discursive practices, regardless of the thematic content.

Keywords: Intentionalitymacrostructure of discoursemicrostructure of discoursedominants

Introduction

In the context of the modern global hypertext space formed by multilyscursive interaction, polymodus, often asystemic, updated contexts, which are pre-discourses of contaminated text, are of particular importance. The accentuation of various thematic dominants in the aspect of determining the filling of the discursive space of complex communication seems to be the least explored area of linguistic research “of various algorithms for encoding and decoding information at different levels of the text hierarchy in the aspect of noematic analysis” ( Bredikhin & Vartanova, 2017, p. 52). In our opinion, one of the most productive areas of analysis of the mechanisms of complex interaction and interpenetration is the study of various development vectors of such a complex phenomenon as tourist discourse, which incorporates communicative practices of various discourses, which provides an opportunity for a comprehensive description of complicated border socio-cultural communicative practices ( Bredikhin & Bredikhina, 2018).

Problem Statement

The problem of contamination and diversification of discursive practices seems to be very relevant for modern discourse and cognitive linguistics and is reflected in the research of many scientists. So, according to the majority of linguists, each of the borderline communication practices is an integral part and is directly woven into the living fabric of civilizational social and cultural activities, various variations of verbal communication algorithms are thus caused by transformations in objective anthropological activity (a change in the conceptual-valeric system of linguistic and cultural community as a whole, the inclusion of the constants of the global value-orientation space in it, leads to the expansion of vectors explication involving previously diversified components of various discourses). However, some researchers emphasize the presence of reverse processes, when transformations of the discursive space become the basis of socio-cultural changes, as N. Fairclough justifies this postulate as a vivid example, when the improvement of the genre-stylistic system in any professional discourse seems to be a prerequisite for globalization processes characterized by discrete interaction in both spatial and temporal aspects ( Fairclough, 2003). The immanent characteristics of each of the complex types of borderline discourses legitimize the application of the principle of hybrid polydiscursive research of the heterogeneous nature of integrated communication, proposed by Filatova ( 2014), based on the interweaving and organic interaction of the language means of many discursive practices), in its various implementation. Indeed, this activity is created in a heterogeneous environment, represented by many participants, constantly changing their actual social roles in the interaction, modulating linear agent-client relations into the paradigmatic structure of variable bifurcation points (often chaotic transitions of agents and clients). Each of the genres of the studied complex communicative formations (information and advertising materials, thoughts, diary entries, blogs, encyclopedic articles) actualizes the polythematic spaces of poly- and inter-discourse, following both conventional and non-standard models of the development of linguistic, socio-historical, emotional and etc. overtones of general textual content with a periodic change of codes creating a special scheme for understanding contaminated discourse ( Bredikhin & Bredikhina, 2018).

Research Questions

From our point of view, the most interesting subject of analysis in a complex discursive space is the mechanisms of the interpenetration of elements of various types of communication (colloquial, professional), as well as changing communication codes (verbal, visual, sensual, etc.) in the realization of the pragmatic potentials of each of them and the synergetic (structural and randomly recreated) effect both in the macrostructure (generalized generalized content) and at the microstructure level of the discourse (in thematically determined ssazhah, "working" to reinforce the general idea).

Purpose of the Study

The main objective of this study is to identify and establish the role of the interaction of various discursive practices and complex (verbal-visual) code systems in the aspect of creating a contaminated poly- and inter-discursive communication space, as well as to ensure an adequate illocutionary goal of the perlocative effect. The study was conducted on the material of the modern English-language discourse of tourism in its various relevant implementations (prospectuses, guides, online blogs).

Research Methods

As part of our study, we used a comprehensive methodology for the analysis of empirical material, which was extracted through a continuous sample of multi-genre tourist texts, combining methods of content analysis, elements of discursive, interpretative, and hermeneutical analysis. This integrative approach made it possible to identify and analyze the main mechanisms of poly- and inter-discursive interaction in connection with the content-dominant and functional-pragmatic aspects of the studied phenomenon of complex border discourse.

Findings

The development and hybridization of discourses of various kinds is facilitated not only by the constant replenishment and diversification of the conceptual apparatus, the formation and reconstruction of the “dynamic" schemes of action "of the producer for the production" of new shades of meaning ( Bredikhin & Bredikhina, 2018), which are designed to update the new dominant topic. In conditions of unconventionalization and relative randomness of thematic sequences, accompanied by socio-cultural coherence of the totality of the described objects, general pragmatics and modality of statements, stable dominant themes are formed in the contaminated discourse. These dominant topics predict the introduction of constitutive features of thematically determined discourses into a certain conglomerate. It is in view of hybridization that isolating characteristic discourse-forming topics in a complex border discourse is extremely difficult; there are no necessary and sufficient grounds, as well as universal operational procedures for isolating the general semantic macrostructure of the entire discourse. This hypothetical macrostructure seems to be some abstract construction for describing generalized content, which is the basis of global discourse coherence.

The inhomogeneity of the community forming this type of discourse is the basis for the variability of dominant genre-thematic spaces of communication. “The polyphony of discourse” is intended to emphasize the polythematic nature of the discursive macrostructure ( Filatova, 2014).

Consider one of the most indicative types of contaminated discursive practice, including various types of influencing components (language and paraverbal means of professional discourses, household, scientific, advertising, etc.) – communication in the tourism sector. The organic inclusion of other institutional discourses in this or that type of element legitimizes the socio-cultural and linguotypological specifics of multifunctional tourism communication. The dynamism formed by the blurring of the thematic boundaries of the tourist discourse also determines the features of the analysis of its interference components, the combination of which Pêcheux ( 1990) called “interdiscourse” – a list of pre-data source dominant topics for building complex communication in areas affecting a number of public interests.

The question of defining each of their complex types of discourse as a polydiscursive space is rather controversial, and although the mechanisms of interaction of individual discourses in the case of inter- and within the framework of poly-discourse are similar, interdiscursive relationships are characterized, first of all, by constants of individuality, modality and situationality, etc. e. interdiscourse actualizes a separate proto-text, while the multidiscourse of the combined macrostructure postulates a stable set of special discursive practices in their integral interaction ( Beloglazova, 2008). That is, in essence, this is a distinction between the core and the periphery of dominantly thematic components.

Conclusion

Based on the analysis of empirical data in the aspect of interdiscursivization, one can distinguish elements of various thematic-dominant discourses that are characterized by spontaneity, facultativeness, personality. The primacy of the situationality constant for using these components is due to the variability of topics in complex discourses. Interdiscursive components are tied to the microstructure of thematically determined segments. Intratextual markers of contamination of discursive practices coexist in the studied discourse with the phenomenon of hypertextuality as an immanent potential for a direct transition between different topics (directories). The practice of implementing complex verbal communication involves the interference of code systems (verbal and non-verbal components). In the aspect of the structural organization of thematic dominants that form the ideological and cultural pretext of contaminated discourse, not only optionality is noted, but also the randomness of facts and images, due to the fundamental impossibility of their paradigmatic systematization. In the aspect of standardization of the complex discursive space, the unity and regularity of the translation of the functional-pragmatic and ideological-aesthetic dominants of productive-recipient focus, which are explicated in the nuclear components of poly-discursiveness (artistic, geographical, journalistic and advertising discursive practices) within the framework of the macrostructure, is noted. Those. in contaminated discourse, an organic combination of poly- and interdiscursivity is observed in the field of basic and peripheral explication constants.

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