The Role Of Native Culture For The Implementation Of Intercultural Communication

National and regional component of the content of education

Thus, each language has its own so-called picture of the world, which reflects the reality in its own way. The language "passes" it to the next generation. For example, WHITE in Russian is the color of purity and joy, the color of snow. "The standard of white color for Uzbeks is cotton, for Kazakhs and Kyrgyz – milk, and for Eskimos – snow. Dominic Roland points out that Eskimos have a large number of words for white" (Zharkova, 2010, p. 78). Numerous names of snow varieties among the Eskimos do not find a match in the languages of other peoples. It creates certain difficulties in understanding the communication partner. The color palette is limited, which determines the intercultural homonymy of colors (Maslova & Pimenova, 2018, p. 3). "White color indicates positive characteristics. French examples: "blanche main (main blanche)" – "gentle hand, caring hand"; "boule blanche" – "good mark at the exam"; "carte blanche" – "freedom of action, unlimited powers"; "respecter les cheveux blancs" - "respect old age"; "fils de la poule blanche" – "lucky" (Zharkova, 2010, p. 78). It should be noted that most French people know only one word "snow" ("neige, f" ), while for French skiers there are a number of names of different types of snow ( "différente typologie de neige" ). By the way, the number of words is hardly less than in Eskimos vocabulary: neige croûtée (neige plus ou moins dure), neige sèche (neige qui contient très peu d’eau), neige humide (neige qui contient de l’eau), neige mouillée (neige qui contient une grosse quantité d’eau), neige soufflée (neige très fine, déplacée suite à du vent), neige trafollée (neige qui a déjà subi les traces des skieurs), neige transformée (neige qui a connu de multiples modifications entre le gel et le dégel), neige fraîche (premières neiges tombées), neige poudreuse (neige sèche très récente et très légère qui se rapproche de la poudre), neige profonde grande quantité de neige poudreuse), neige fondante (neige qui est en train de fondre), neige jaune (neige à éviter, risque de corrosion des carres), etc. South Ural skiers call it "grits" (snow falling in the form of balls, not snowflakes), "Crust" (dense crust of snow), and “snow porridge" (a mixture of snow and water), these words characterize the special climate of the southern Urals. You can also compare the names of the winds in two countries that characterize the climatic conditions of the regions: Vent de Bordeau-Bordeaux wind, North-West wind in Ger (France); Mistral – Mistral, i.e. the wind blowing from the Cevennes on the Mediterranean coast of France. Cold and strong wind is the scourge of agriculture in Provence. Shelonik -wind in the North, the Urals and Siberia, the wind of different directions, most often Western, the name of which is formed from the name of the river Shelon, which flows into lake Ilmen. Burun – a strong whirlwind, storm. Telposis - winds blizzard in the Urals, Siberia, the Volga region; Telposiz-nest of winds in the Urals (after the name of the mountain in the Urals).

It is well known, that dialogue itself suggests close acquaintance with cultures, as well as rapprochement, exchange, and mutual enrichment. At present, it is important to build intercultural relationships correctly, it should be based on awareness of the uniqueness of languages and cultures. The priority task for today is to strive for language and cultural polyphony, careful attitude to the spiritual and intellectual characteristics of small cultures, which there are a considerable number in the South Urals: more than 152. In addition, every nation cherishes its culture, customs and traditions. The Russian population is the most numerous, accounting for 82.3 %. The southern Urals is a multi-ethnic, where Tatars and Bashkirs are second in number. There is no chauvinism or ethnic hostility among nations. It is a lot due to University teachers. There are projects about the life, work, service, culture of the peoples living in the southern Urals. Students should know that the South Urals is the land of natural resources and legendary factories, the land where the Great Silk Road once ran, the land where the border between Europe and Asia passes. Chelyabinsk is the capital of the South Urals, the seventh city in Russia by the number of inhabitants; it is a kind of "gateway to Siberia". Chelyabinsk region is an urbanized and highly developed economic region where metallurgy, mechanical engineering, energy, agriculture, and tourism are developed. It is necessary to cultivate Patriotic feelings among the younger generation and assure them to find jobs and create their ideas in their native land.

To help teachers and students, we have published a workbook "l'Oural du Sud, mon pays natal: a student's topic workbook" (Zharkova, 2005b). These materials contribute to the expansion of knowledge about regional natural resources and the cities of the South Urals (Kopeisk, Miass, Zlatoust, Magnitogorsk, etc.), as well as world-famous personalities: fabulist I. A. Krylov (born in Troitsk), ethnographer V. P. Biryukov, triple-A world chess champion (1975, 1978, 1981) A. E. Karpov, the only 6-time Olympic champion in the history of speed skating L. Skoblikova, Professor A. G. Turbin, who studied the South Ural dialects, etc. It is sad that students learn about these people for the first time from our workbooks and articles. Students receive information about not only nature, its beauty and diversity, climate and fabulous wealth of the "Gray Urals", but also about the glorious work of Ural folk craftsmen, the past and culture of the Ural people, about the originality of their national character and mentality. At the lessons, we use proverbs and sayings, understanding that folk wisdom, combined with aesthetic perfection of expression, undoubtedly impresses our students. Proverbs of the Ural people strengthen the motivation to studies.

In the focus of our attention and research there are Proverbs and sayings. They expand and enrich the communicative-speech repertoire of students, and avoid the "failure" of intercultural communication, as a compensatory tool (Zharkova, 2020). To help teachers and students master the proverbial fund, the treasury of the language, and the most valuable linguistic heritage of the people who speak it, we published a collection of Proverbs: “Proverbe ne peut mentir” (Zharkova, 2002a), articles “Chiffres et Proverbs” in the French magazine “Le français dans Le Monde” (Zharkova, 2005a), “About proverbs and sayings in the implementation of successful intercultural communication” (Zharkova, 2019a). Obviously, the historical experience of peoples is almost equally reflected in the phraseological fund of different languages. You can ask students to find equivalents in the foreign languages they are studying. However, most phraseological units differ in their national specifics, their picture of the world. The idea that "it is good in the guests, but it is better at home” can be traced in all linguistic cultures: "On n'est nulle part aussi bien que chez soi" (Fr.), "Osten und Westen, zu Haus ist's am besten" (Ger.), "East or west, home is best" (Eng.). This is the key thought.

Students ' work with texts that contain information about the surrounding nature, life, and culture, i.e. information that is close and dear to them, significantly increases motivation. Annual meetings with guests from France facilitate it. While preparing students study the history of their native land, the richness of its mineral resources, interesting tourist routes, traditions and customs of the Ural people. At the present stage of education, we should give more attention than ever to regional studies, because of growing need for business and international communication, contacts between firms and companies from other countries. International sports competitions are also held In the capital of the South Urals, namely the World Judo Championship (August 25-31, 2014), and the World Taekwondo Championship (may 12-18, 2015). It is surprising that first-year students all want to support communication with foreigners on the topics passed in the school: "Acquaintance", "Family", "City", "Sport", etc. but foreign athletes want to learn more about the region where the competitions are held. Moreover, our students can support communication on this topic. During extracurricular time, students independently make case studies on the topic; describe their native corner of nature. The best works are published in the magazines "La langue française" and "L'Amitié" . A person loves his native land immensely and the French language as well, so he describes the sights so beautifully, to show and prove that the South Urals is not only a Treasury of Russia, but also a strong point of the Power.

The teacher is undoubtedly the main person, who cultivates both a love for the language, culture, region, and the educational institution where he/she teaches. Students are happy to participate in essay contest "A vos plumes!" , announced by the magazines "La langue française" (Moscow) and "L'Amitié" (Bratislava), and many student works are published on their pages. We are very committed to helping the teachers of French by publishing of a number of materials. These materials are devoted to sights of Chelyabinsk, the capital of the Southern Urals (Zharkova, 2005b), nature, environmental problems, historical famous places, such as the ancient city of Arkaim, the visit of French classic Louis Aragon, who came to the South Urals and Chelyabinsk in 1932. He wrote poems about the Urals, about the Chelyabinsk tractor plant ("Valse du Tcheliabtraktorostroi" ), about Magnitogorsk ("Les Amants de Magnitogorsk" ). Published works describe methods of working with materials for regional studies at the lesson (Zharkova, 2002b). Our materials on regional studies have been widely used in educational institutions in the Chelyabinsk region, and we have received a lot of positive feedback from French language teachers. We are very pleased that our materials used to conduct open lessons and master classes, as well as create travel brochures. We believe that the use of regional studies materials in the educational process is associated with the upbringing of certain character traits, such as dignity and pride, respect and love for their culture, the culture of the multi-ethnic Ural peoples. The most important thing is to develop a value orientation related to the attitude to the values of native and other cultures, to ranking these values in the conditions of modern cultural dialogue and intercultural exchange!

Russian students who study abroad acquaint foreigners with Russian language and Russian culture; manners, customs, traditions, and rituals of the Russian South Ural peoples, while maintaining their self-identity, because they lived and educated the South Urals, absorbed with "mother's milk" love for their Motherland, they are the representatives of the Russian linguarium. Russian culture and language are being introduced, disseminated, and preserved at the international level. "Language is the key to a large home" ("La langue, C'est la clef de la grande maison", Gilles Vigneault, chanteur et compositeur Québécois ). We would add to this home a "home" called the Earth (Zharkova, 2016b, p. 45). We agree with the statement of the French diplomat and writer Paul Claudel that there are homes for tolerance: "La tolérance? Il y a des maisons pour a!" (Paul Claudel). Homes are undoubtedly able to eliminate national disagreement and unite peoples on our planet (Zharkova, 2016b, p. 49).