| Description |
Year |
| “A city that monitors and integrates conditions of all of its critical infrastructures, including roads, bridges, tunnels, rails, subways, airports, seaports, communications, water, power, even major buildings, can better optimize its resources, plan its preventive maintenance activities, and monitor security aspects while maximizing services to its citizens” ( as cited in Chourabi et al., 2012, p. 2290). |
2000 |
| “A smart community is a community that has made a conscious effort to use information technology to transform life and work within its region in significant and fundamental rather than incremental ways” ( as cited in Chourabi et al., 2012, p. 2290) |
2001 |
| “A city that applies ICT-based smart platform to cities. It collects, analyzes, and utilizes city data that is used in administration by using platform to provide citizen smart service, in order to support economic value creation” ( as cited in Giatsoglou, Chatzakou, Gkatziaki, Vakali, & Anthopoulos, 2016, p. 348) |
2006 |
| “A Smart City is a city well performing built on the ‘smart’ combination of endowments and activities of self-decisive, independent and aware citizens” ( as cited in Hudec, 2017, p. 112) |
2007 |
| “Smart city is defined by IBM as the use of information and communication technology to sense, analyze and integrate the key information of core systems in running cities” ( as cited in Giatsoglou, Chatzakou, Gkatziaki, Vakali, & Anthopoulos, 2016, p. 348-349) |
2010 |
| “Concept of a Smart City where citizens, objects, utilities, etc., connect in a seamless manner using ubiquitous technologies, so as to significantly enhance the living experience in 21st century urban environments” ( as cited in Chourabi et al., 2012, p. 2290) |
2010 |
| “Smart City is the product of Digital City combined with the Internet of Things” ( as cited in Chourabi et al., 2012, p. 2290) |
2011 |
| “A city to be smart when investments in human and social capital and traditional (transport) and modern (ICT) communication infrastructure fuel sustainable economic growth and a high quality of life, with a wise management of natural resources, through participatory governance” ( as cited in Giatsoglou, Chatzakou, Gkatziaki, Vakali, & Anthopoulos, 2016, p. 348) |
2011 |
| “Smart City is a city in which it can combine technologies as diverse as water recycling, advanced energy grids and mobile communications in order to reduce environmental impact and to offer its citizens better lives” ( as cited in Chourabi et al., 2012, p. 2290) |
2012 |
| “A smart city is a well-defined geographical area, in which high technologies such as ICT, logistic, energy production, and so on, cooperate to create benefits for citizens in terms of well-being, inclusion and participation, environmental quality, intelligent development; it is governed by a well-defined pool of subjects, able to state the rules and policy for the city government and development” ( as cited in Ingwersen & Serrano-López, 2018, p. 1211) |
2013 |
| “A city that uses Information & Communication Technology (ICT) to improve city with competitiveness and quality of life and pursues urban sustainability, though it differs depending on the economic level and the city policy of the country” ( as cited in Hudec, 2017, p. 112) |
2015 |
| “The effective integration of human, physical and digital systems with the aim to built environment which can deliver sustainable and prosperous future for its citizens” ( as cited in Ingwersen & Serrano-López, 2018, p. 1211) |
2016 |
