New Forms Of Patriotic Values Formation Through Civil Socialization Of The Teenagers

Abstract

The urgency of the study problem is determined by the need of the society to form patriotic values through civil socialization of the young generation. At the current stage of social development, it is necessary to create and advance the approaches to establish patriotic values through civil socialization of the young generation. The different types of civil socialization present opportunities for the establishment of comprehensively and harmoniously developed a personality that is skilled in legal and moral areas. The main goal of the current research is to clarify such concepts as “patriotic values” and “civil socialization” and to find new ways of their formation. The main goal of civil socialization of the young generation is to develop such integrative civil qualities as inner freedom, respect to the government authorities, love for the motherland, self-esteem, discipline, manifestation of patriotic values and feelings, and interpersonal communication culture. In this regard, our main aim is to determine new ways of patriotic values formation through civil socialization of the young generation and as a result, increase the effectiveness of the described process. The main approach to study this problem is the analysis of concepts such as patriotism, values and civil socialization, as well as the classification of new forms. The results of the research specify concepts such as “patriotic values” and “civil socialization” and characterize new pedagogical forms of patriotic values formation through civil socialization of the young generation.

Keywords: Patriotismpatriotic valuescivil socializationyoung generationpatriotic values formation

Introduction

Patriotic value formation of the young generation is taking place through civil socialization, which includes moral personality development, promotion of healthy lifestyle, establishment of interpersonal relations, introduction to legal culture, free personality development, promotion of diligence, civic engagement, patriotism.

Civil socialization consists of the system of relevant knowledge, skills and abilities, personality qualities and traits, which an individual should obtain in accordance with the goals and tasks of our education system set in order to develop moral personality that shares Russian traditional spiritual and moral values and is able to realize his or her full potential in the modern society and ready to protect the homeland. That is primarily related to civil socialization of the young generation.

According to the Federal Law on Basic Guarantees for the Rights of the Child in the Russian Federation, the state recognizes childhood as an important stage in human life and proceeds from the principles of prioritizing the preparation of the young generation for full-fledged life in society, the development of their socially significant and creative activity, and the formation of high moral qualities, patriotism and civil engagement in them (The State Duma, 1998).

The different types of civil socialization in general pedagogical process present opportunities for the formation of the comprehensively and harmoniously developed personality that is skilled in legal and moral areas.

The essence of civil socialization is covered in the works of Belousov (2004), Butkevich (2010), Bykov (2006), Vyrshchikov & Kusmartsev (2006), Yolkin & Kosova (2017), Zhiveyko (2008), Slastenin, Isaev, and Shiyanov (2011).

Problem Statement

The patriotic education of the younger generation is one of the main priorities in the education system, and therefore, the current research is significant. Result-oriented patriotic value formation of the young generation presupposes civil socialization at all stages of personality development. In the past decade, patriotism has become a widely discussed topic.

There is a wide range of opinions. Some discredit patriotism by defining it as a destructive and conflict-prone phenomenon containing possible fascist and racist bias. While other top government officials claim the unity of people through the patriotism.

The young generation (which includes people since their birth until the end of youth) should learn the spirit of the unity of nations and country and ensure the development of the stable future in our country.

Research Questions

• Explore the concept of “patriotic values”.

• Clarify the concept of “civil socialization”.

• Identify new methods to form “patriotic values” and “civil socialization”.

Purpose of the Study

The aim of this study is to clarify such concepts as “patriotic values” and “civil socialization” and to find new forms of their formation.

Research Methods

The main goal of civil socialization of the young generation is to develop such integrative civil qualities as inner freedom, respect to the state power, love for the motherland, self-esteem, discipline, a manifestation of patriotic values and feelings, interpersonal communication culture.

A general overview of the civil socialization for the young generation makes it possible to identify its main areas of activity:

• development of military-patriotic education in order to strengthen the prestige of service in the Russian Federation Armed Forces;

• development of the volunteer movement as an instrument of patriotic education;

• formation of legal culture;

• national-patriotic education to promote love for the motherland, respect for the traditions and customs of one’s people, the awakening of a sense of pride in the country;

• labor education;

• aesthetic education.

These areas of activity are interlinked and interdependent, complementing each other, and they meet the pre-set goals outlined in the Program and the Law of the Russian Federation “On Education”.

Such a division suggests that civil socialization is a complex process that requires a systematic and an interactive approach to the formation of legal competencies and spiritual and moral values of the young generation.

Due to the constant changes in various areas of society and the state, there are also changes in the worldview of the young generation, the erosion of values, the search for a new role model, in particular the absence of patriotic consciousness, ideological values and attitudes. Often the young generation sees patriotism as nationalism and therefore there is no understanding of its true meaning.

After conducting a survey among the young generation (age from 9 to 14 years), we concluded that they have poor knowledge about such concepts as “patriot”, “patriotism”, “homeland”, “duty to the Motherland”, “heroism”. There is an indifferent attitude towards patriotic activities; negative attitude to the public domain; consumerism regarding the environment; inability to defend their positions; indifference to self-realization through participation in patriotic events; negative stance on participation in class and school affairs. Therefore, with their fragile worldview, a flexible system of values should be the subject of focus and care.

Currently, the formation of patriotic values of the young generation is a priority of state policy, as demonstrated by the implementation of the State program "Patriotic education of the Russian Federation citizens for 2016-2020" (further - the Program).

The Program’s aim in patriotic education is to create conditions for increasing civil responsibility for the country's fate, raising the level of society consolidation to meet the challenges of ensuring national security and sustainable development of the Russian Federation, strengthening the citizens' sense of belonging to the great history and culture of Russia, ensuring the continuity of the Russian generations, bringing up a citizen who loves homeland and family with an proactive life stance (Government of the Russian Federation, 2015). The “National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation”, adopted on December 31, 2015, says that “traditional Russian spiritual and moral values” include “the priority of spiritual over the material, protection of human life, human rights and freedoms, family, creative work, service to the homeland”.

In order to identify the content of the goal of patriotic education, it is necessary to analyze the concept of “patriotism”.

In the Ozhegov and Shvedova’s (1999) dictionary “patriotism” is defined as “devotion to and love for one’s homeland, for one’s people”.

In the Borodulin, Kuznetsov, Landa, and Panova’s (2000) New Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary patriotism is presented as love for the Motherland, attachment to the native land, language, culture, traditions.

Likhachev (2001) describes patriotism as love for the Motherland, for the land where one was born and grew up, takes pride in the historical accomplishments of one’s people.

In the Bim-Bad’s (2002) pedagogical encyclopedic dictionary the author speaks of patriotism as “a clear awareness of one’s obligations towards the homeland and their faithful fulfillment form the virtue of patriotism”.

In the philosophical dictionary of Gubsky (2002) the author defines patriotism as a moral and political principle, a social feeling, which is composed of love for the homeland, devotion to it, pride in its past and present, the desire to protect the interests of the Motherland.

Lutovinov (1998) describes patriotism as the most significant, enduring value inherent in all spheres of society and the state which is the most important spiritual heritage of a personality and which characterizes the highest level of its development and is manifested in its proactive self-realization for the benefit of the homeland.

Andrea Baumeister, a Senior Lecturer in Politics at the Stirling University, defines patriotism as a feeling of attachment and devotion to a country, a nation, or a political community (Baumeister, n.d.).

Therefore, today patriotism means love and devotion to the Motherland, its people, culture, and pride in it. Patriotism requires the subordination of one’s interests to the common ones, the fulfillment of duties towards the homeland. At the same time, patriotism is a sociopolitical and moral principle, social and moral value and quality which include an emotional attachment to the Motherland, its protection from enemies, self-esteem, and a system of philosophical views, beliefs and feelings. Patriotism is the spiritual and moral basis of an individual, manifested in self-realization for the benefit of the homeland, attachment to the native land, the specifics of society (Sharonov, 2016) and is based on patriotic values.

This value is one that is recognized by a person, is inherent in the good in favor of a harmonious life; reflects the importance of certain factors for life, reflects worldview manifestations that are formed during the assimilation of social experience and as a result of life activity and social ideals developed by public consciousness and embodied in activities. This value is based on a stable belief that a certain mode of behavior is more preferable, performing things that are significant for a person and the function of a guideline of behavior. This value determines the meanings of being of a person and societies in general, positive or negative significance of any object without its existential and qualitative characteristics, and it is what a person believes in, the purpose of a person’s life, what one desires, and what guides one’s choice (Sharonov, Palatkina, & Dzhangaziyeva, 2018).

Findings

Based on the definitions of patriotism and values, patriotic values can be defined as the positive and significant perception of the Motherland, national interests, social ideals, embodied in one’s life activities, expressed in emotional attitude to the homeland, and its culture, created by public consciousness and recognized by an individual. Emotional attitude to the Motherland is manifested in love, devotion and attachment to it, as well as pride and responsibility. Attitude to oneself and to other people, society and the state depends on the patriotic values of an individual (demonstrated in an active life stance).

Patriotic values include:

• social ideals developed by the public consciousness;

• value attitude to an individual, society, state;

• the need for high spiritual, moral and cultural values in one’s further development;

• decent fulfillment of social, state and military duties by various categories of the population, taking into account their interests, needs and abilities in activities;

• respect for the law, social norms;

• a positive attitude to work, the need for labor for the benefit of the homeland;

• sociopolitical and moral principles expressing a feeling of love for the motherland;

• the desire to protect the interests of the state.

In this regard, the patriotic value formation of the young generation is a process of conscious instilling to a teenager the need for special relevant dynamic activity which in its integrity is determined by the systemic connections of the substantive and essential characteristics of adolescents’ patriotic values and which manifest themselves in self-realization for the benefit of the homeland, attachment to their native land, in social activities.

The current young generation is a mobile social group. Therefore, everything should be up-to-date. New forms of patriotic, spiritual and moral education should meet the new realities of the time.

The preparation of patriotic events includes the young generation and the public using innovative PR technologies, such as flash mob, historical quests, role-playing games, battles, “five-minute” meetings, creating an information campaign to cover events, creating hashtags, building cooperation with public children's and youth organizations.

Next, we will cover new forms of events that will help unlock the potential of the young generation in modern society.

Quest - an active organizational form, which is a long and targeted search with task performance. According to quest rules, the participants pass stations selected by the organizers, completing previously prepared tasks (Sokol, 2013).

Flash mob is a premeditated mass action in which a large group of people suddenly appear in a public place, performs pre-planned actions and then disperse (Demchenkov & Parshanina, 2015).

Action is a time-limited effect on a target population group for popularization and propaganda. Public socio-political actions that aim to attract attention. Often actions do not have a clear long-term goal and are not related to other events in which their participants are involved. The result is achieved with the help of bright trappings (Zharkov, 2007).

Team building is a role-playing game aimed to unite a group. Any corporate leisure time can be attributed to this form (Suleeva, 2017).

Battle is a type of competition, a duel between groups or individual participants with elements of impromptu, demonstration (Asanova, Derjabina, & Ignatyeva, 2011).

To summarise, this study is not exhaustive and opens up opportunities for the study of new forms, as well as ways and methods of shaping patriotic values through civil socialization of the young generation. It is also necessary to note that the effective formation of patriotic values is possible with the use of information technology. Also, new methods are being used, as a method of projects, creating a “success” situation, “free” texts.

Conclusion

To conclude, applying new forms in patriotic value formation through civil socialization of the young generation, we solve the problem of patriotic education, which forms the basis of a personality, having a beneficial effect on all sides and forms of the relationship between an individual and the society: one’s world view and the formation of civic stance, patriotism, general emotional state and physical development.

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