Political Information Sharing Pattern Among Students In The Islamic Boarding School

Abstract

Community engagement and citizen participation in political communication have long been important, especially with the advent of Internet. This research focused on the impact of Internet access towards the political formation sharing pattern and trend among students in the Islamic Banyuanyar boarding school in Madura, Indonesia. Observant participation method was used to collect the data between 2013 and 2014. The community at Banyuanyar Boarding School responded to the existence (implementation) of the internet. However, in terms of digital divide arise from the policy of ‘No Internet’ during school introduced by the school management seems not a hindrance at all for the young students to learn their favourite political figures. Sharing of information at this level revealed a significant role played by the school leaders. The students were particularly alert ‘who is doing what’ and ‘what happened?’ in terms of local politics. Words of mouth, face-to-face mode of communications took place and local elections were their best learning process when the Internet did not allow them to do so. Sharing of information has different characteristics that the digital natives. The digital divide pushed for a different mode of information sharing. Priorities went with local standing environment and local political images such as the ‘Kabupaten’ Election (Pilkada), where Islamic leaders or Kiai mostly stood as candidates. Thus, it created a local political participation trends and patterns which is actually a start to an informal introduction to political participation among students and supports political literacy at a very young age.

Keywords:

Introduction

Political travel map in Indonesia is very dynamic, has influenced various aspects of life of Indonesian people. It can be seen from the political journey from era to era, the Old Order era when the leadership of President Soekarno, this time is so thick with the struggle. Heroism struggle is so very coloring. It was starting from oration and speech, to the songs so nuanced struggle. Until the time of the New Order which began since the transition of President Soekarno's presidency to Soeharto. This new order period occupied the longest period, which is almost 32 years under the leadership of President Soeharto. Thenit unveils the stagnant of Indonesian people with the phenomenon of deterioration that exists. Until the climax in 1998, with the cohesiveness of resistance to the New Order era and has succeeded in overthrowing the power of President Soeharto at that time, until the reins of leadership switch to BJ. Habibie as president of the early transition period of reform. The sustainability of the reform period can be felt today. Although the reform format of every president during the presidency of Abdur Rahman Wahid (Gus Dur), Megawati Sukarno Putri, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, until now presided over by president Joko Widodo is very diverse and varied in every presidential presidency. This means that since the fall of the New Order period, there is no dominant party over power in every periodization.

Characters of government from period to period namely the old order period (Orla), the new order (Orba) and the Reform Order have a very diverse charge. The most important moment of the moment could be felt in 1998, when there was a change of the New Order Era towards the Reform Era in Indonesia, making the beginning of an openness era and new euphoria as freedom of the press in Indonesia. The explosion of information is so flooding with one after another as a domino effect of a new competition and ownership of mass media in Indonesia. This can be seen from the quantity of media presence where in 1997, before the reformation, there were 289 print media in Indonesia. In 1999, after the reforms, the number of media growth far shot nearly 600% to 1,687 print media. Although the market competition is so tight, there was a decrease in 2005 to 829 print media. As what is in the case with the broadcast industry. In 1997 there were 6 television stations and increased in 2005 to 65 stations. This also felt the presence of radio broadcasts, where in 1997 there were 740 stations, while in 2005 it increased to 2000 stations. Even if unlicensed radio stations are counted as well, the number would be reached 10,000 stations (Winangsih, 2011).

Now the progress of civilization and the behavior of human life cannot be separated from travel support and progress in the field of information technology. At this time the dominance of the development of information technology more based on advances in the field of telecommunications and computer technology. Improvement and development of telecommunications with the sophistication of computer devices that are so competitive, the basis of the progress of both are not spared from the role of technological advances in microelectronics, materials and software (software). The results of the study of chemistry, physics, biology and mathematics have underpinned the development of all. In fact, according to Onno W. Purbo (Ruhiyat, 2005) it was emphasized that the more specific the evolving study revolves around two main areas, namely internet access and its applications, which have consequences not only from the technological side but also in other areas such as economics, Law (cyber law) and education.

Efforts that have been made in the improvement and empowerment of human beings as conducted in Indonesia in order to increase the availability of information to the public has been backed by the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 14 of 2008 on Public Information Disclosure (UU KIP), of course this public information disclosure can be delivered properly. It can be seen on the development of new media in the field of internet, Indonesia has experienced a significant development. The leap of development in the broadcasting world, also contributed to the growth of information and communication technology. According to the Ministry of Communication and Information (Kominfo), internet users in a short time, experiencing tremendous growth, it is about 45 millions of people. A similar view is expressed by Yongfu (2008) that mobile internet users in Indonesia are growing rapidly. Indonesia is ranked fifth as internet users and ranked fourth as mobile internet users in Asia

The existence of the island of Madura with geographical location quite barren in some areas, but being a source in the study of science in the field of religion. Counted from the data listed on SEKJEN Islamic education DEPAG RI has a number of institutions that are not small, that is there are 911 Islamic Boarding School. This is only in DEPAG RI data. It means can be counted more than that has been released by the Government. As detailed below

Table 1 -
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The overall data of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia are 24,206 Islamic Boarding School throughout Indonesia registered in the Planning and Data Section of Islamic Education Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia in 2008/2009. The existence of pesantren is also seen as having an important role by some political actors and parties concerned. The important role of pesantren is because there are large voting pockets of voters apart from the alumni of the pesantren itself. Pesantren sometimes becomes a winner determiner because there are many santries who study and settle in pesantren, where the santri also participate in politics especially when election’s voting is held both in local and national scale.

Problem Statement

Islamic Boarding School and politics are not uncommon to be struggles and discussions in a very interesting study, considering that in Islamic Boarding School there are a lot of active voters who are often taken by chance by some who have interests in politics. On the other hand, the development of new media has a role in constructing the political process. Humans have freedom in expressing, behaving and acting. Construction will awaken about how the public can participate politics in the internet, and how smart and polite in participating in it. In this modern digital era, the new media has a role in constructing the existing political process. One of the new media that became the mainstay that can construct the political process is the internet.

Internet as a new media that is tends to be freer in revealing and expressing especially on social media. Freedom in communicating in the digital realm is what some boarding schools are not allowed to use. Some pesantrens who prohibit it do not have no reason, that is the concern of the santri who will have a deviant view or perform actions that are negative in the use of the internet. So it is not uncommon for some pesantren to forbid their santri to use the internet while in the pesantren. Of course it seems to have different views between the policies programmed by the government in providing opportunities for information disclosure to the public to be conveyed in a good way, it seems as opposed to some policies of pondok pesantren that one of them is Banyuanyar pesantren which actually provides restrictions on the use of Internet to their santri.

Research Question

What is the effect of new media on constructing the existing political process.

Purpose of the Study

Authors of this study wanted to examine the extent to which the implementation of internet in Banyuanyar pesantren and how its application. How the students of Banyunyar use internet inside it, is there any gap between internet users in Banyaunyar pesantren. What is the political participation by the santri that have been done in the pesantren Banyuanyar. How also the action of santri’s communication on internet usage related to political participation among them. It is deemed necessary to do follow-up and that can be used as a benchmark for how to innovate the internet in boarding schools can walk safely and provide benefits among the boarding schools. The above problems are only as the initial premises of the many problems of internet use in Islamic Boarding School. Need for a test so that can be a benchmark among Islamic Boarding School in the use and application of internet technology although this innovation is not too new for some outside the boarding school.

Literature Review

Developing societies as well as advanced societies have an ongoing need for social and technological change, with the aim of replacing old ways with new techniques. Change will be very much experienced when an innovation has become part of human life. The development of the internet has influenced social life on many levels. The existence of the internet has not only created a fundamental social change, even by various thinkers are said to have led to the extreme "death of the social" conditions.

It also adds that the changes caused by the use of technology will in many cases influence the human experience and perception. Human perceptions of the world-life will change when technology is mediated between humans and the world-life. The direct perception of man without technology is different from human perception when he uses the instrument or instrument because the perception is mediated by the tools or the instrument itself. Furthermore, Don Ihde (Lim, 2008) explains: “Not only have our perceptions changed-those embodied through instrumentation are incommensurate with naked observation in however small degrees-but so also have our praxes.” Thus the way human beings use technological tools automatically changing his relation to the life-world compared to when he did not use technology tools. But with the existence of communication technology, does not mean also it does not cause other problems. As with the problem of digital divide, the gap that according to Castells (1996) argues that the digital divide as an inequality of access to the Internet because access to the Internet is a requirement to eliminate inequality in society. Another definition put forward is the and has no access to computers and the internet. From several definitions above can be concluded that the digital divide is the difference of access to information and communication technology (ICT). The terminology of the digital divide initially refers to the gap in access to computers, but as the internet grows rapidly and massively in society, its terminology shifts to include the gap in access to computers and the Internet (Hacker, 2000)

Suggests that there are three types of digital divide: an access divide or an early digital divide that refers to the gap between people who have access and who have no access to ICT. The next gap is the usage divide or primary digital divide which refers to the different uses of ICT between people who have access to ICT. The next gap is the quality of use divide or the second layer of digital gaps that focus on the quality of ICT use in people who use ICT in everyday life.

The complexity of the problems is related to the above gap categories, some obstacles in the distribution of information perceived in the archipelago-shaped Indonesian state with the number of islands over 13,000 islands with some topographic areas in the form of mountains and valleys so that the rural locations spread which resulted in the construction of communication and information facilities quite difficult as well as need support cost is not cheap. As a result, the information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure is concentrated only in the mainland and urban areas, and the majorities are in Java and Sumatra. In the end this infrastructure inequality raises the digital divide. Simply, the digital divide can be understood as a difference in access to ICT.

In terms of the scope of the study of Islamic Boarding School, in addition to having the meaning of the gap that is determined by the geographical location of the boarding school itself is also determined by the gap in the usage divide in the Islamic Boarding School community itself. It could be from the diffusion of innovations made by the boarding school, has implemented a new media internet in Islamic Boarding School. But there are restrictions on internet users that are applied in Islamic Boarding School. This becomes interesting because every Islamic Boarding School of course also has boundaries that have been made and applied to the Islamic Boarding School community (student) itself.

In the process of implementing internet services in boarding school, of course every boarding school has its own character in every boarding school. Whether the readiness in the field of computer equipment (hardware) and software that has been available, consideration of human resources that will manage the operational implementation of internet procurement in boarding schools, as well as the structure that is inserted in the management and no less important is the policy to be provided against anyone who will use the internet network in boarding school.

With the existence of differences in the treatment of adoption of internet innovations conducted by several boarding schools is actually so varied. Not infrequently some boarding schools still consider this new media is dangerous and can give a bad impact considering the very easy all information and data that can be accessed from the internet. The concerns in general is due to the concerns of irregularities in the use of the Internet, given the existence of the Internet contains a lot of information and entertainment content which is so vast and free. But that does not mean close the "faucet" meetings access to the internet as a suggestion to get more information

As well as some studies of political participation among student who think that the political participation of student still colored by the central figure (caretakers) boarding school. As has been reviewed by Nailis Sa'adah (2011), that the political participation of Sunan Drajat student is very high. The participation of student is colored by the efforts made by Kiai (Leader) of Islamic Boarding School. The study is almost similar to previous studies by Zainuddin Syarif (2010) that Kiai (leader) of Islamic Boarding School retains the charm as a religious charismatic figure through the symbols of obedience framed by the moral values ​​of religion in maintaining the student's obedience. Kiai can give barakah when following him and kiai can bring ugliness if dare to be different from him, using symbolic expression, tawadu , muru’ah , tola and bhasto.

Irianto (2007) has also emphasized in his study "voter political behavior in the election of East Java governor period 2008-2013" has concluded that voter preferences are more due to the similarity of regional origin, religion, gender equality especially in arek culture, the culture of mataraman, the culture of pendalungan and the culture of arek, the experience of leading the organization, the status of education has high economic status, professionals, intellectuals, interesting campaign issues, candidate's vision and mission, candidate's credibility, and clear work program. Factors influencing voters' political behavior during 2008-2013 periods include religion, friends, political advertisements, older people. While the source of information about governor election most television mass media.

From several studies above as opposed to the condition of the new media users who are freer in expressing and giving pills and internet media, especially social media. As with the demands of a democratic country, it is generally assumed that the more people's participation is better, the higher the level of participation indicates the better. In contrast, low participation rates are generally regarded as an unfavorable sign, since it can be interpreted that many citizens are not paying attention to state problems. Furthermore, it is feared that if various opinions in society are not raised, state leaders will be less responsive to the needs and aspirations of the people, and tend to serve the interests of only a few groups. In general, low participation is considered to indicate low legitimacy as well.

Research Methods

This research uses interpretive or qualitative paradigm approach because the position of research is based on subject interpretation, and the research findings are bound context. Qualitative research is a study that describes a problem that the results can be generalized (Kriyantono, 2006; Qureshi et al., 2015). Qualitative (paradigmatic) research also assumes that the behaviors and meanings of a group of humans can only be understood through an analysis of their natural setting (Mulyana, 2008). The research method used is ethnography where field study with description is very detailed from an insider's point of view (Neuman, 2013). Ethnographic research requires researchers to immerse themselves in the lives of the subjects studied (Denzin, Lincoln, & Yvonna S., 2009); Research on the way of life of the community (Daymon & Holloway, 2005). Ethnographic research demands an interpretation behind meaning and motivation (Savin, Maggi , Major, & Howell, 2010); Proximity to background or social situations and elaborated analysis, detailed description, and interpenetration of data concepts (Lofland, 1996 in Berg, 2001); Goetz and Le Compte (1984, in O'Donoghue, 2007) illustrate the ethnographic goal of providing rich descriptive data about participants' context, activities, and beliefs.

The data collection methods used generally in this study as Creswell suggest, there are three main techniques of data collection in ethnographic studies: observer participants, interviews, and document review. This qualitative research study, the authors used a sample of research by using the method of selecting "purposive sampling", because the selection of one case or one individual is usually based on the consideration that the case or individual is considered typical (subject) (Kuswarno, 2008). But the purpose of qualitative research is not to generalize the results of research, but to facilitate the work of researchers

Creswell distinguish between informants and respondents. The informant is the one who is expected to assist the research in revealing the actual reality in the society studied. While respondents are people who deliberately report their own behavior and thoughts. To examine the validation of the data obtained, the researcher checks the validity of the data as follows: (1) extension of participation, it is the researcher will stay in the boarding school for a certain period of time. It is to prevent data distortion or openness of the researcher to the double effect. (2) Diligence of observation, which is finding the characteristics and elements in situations that are very relevant to the issue or issue being sought. (3) Triangulation, it is (4) peer examination with discussion. The findings will be discussed with colleagues who have the same profession and scholarship. (5) Negative case analysis, which is collecting samples and cases that are inconsistent with the patterns and trends of information that have been collected and used as a comparison material. (6) The adequacy of reference, it is collecting data in addition to written data as complete as possible. (7) Checking members, that is re-checking the results of the analysis of researchers with those involved in the research, both informants and respondents. (8) Detailed description in translating field notes. (9) Auditing, it is checking all data, both raw data, and data that has been commented, until the data has been analyzed.

Implementation of the study conducted between 2013-2014, focused on students of Banyuanyar boarding school, by interviewing and following some student activities related to this study, as well as deepening environmental conditions around Islamic Boarding School towards activities performed by the student. Pondok Islamic Boarding School Banyunyar founded by KiaiIsbatis located in the district Pamekasan, precisely in the area Potoan Daya, Palengaan, Pamekasan, East Java. With an area of ​​land occupied Islamic Boarding School + 17 Hectares. This Islamic Boarding School is old because it is estimated to be established in 1204H / 1788 M. The generation of the fifth caretaker of Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School this is now K.H. Muhammad Syamsul Arifin.

Findings

In the implementation process of internet service in boarding school of course every boarding school has its own character. Whether the readiness in the field of computer equipment (hardware) that has been available, consideration of human resources that will manage the operational implementation of internet procurement in boarding schools, as well as structures that are inserted in the management and also important is the policy to be given to anyone who will use the Internet network in the boarding school. In the implementation stage of internet realization at the boarding school Banyuanyar, the initial implementation only add the Internet network in the Dubacom laboratory remembers the computer already exists and netted on an Intranet. Enough with the addition of internet network in 2002 which was then still using the network Instant Telkomnet with speed band witch still below 56 kbps with a count of Rp. 150 / min, but the 56-kbps sequential bandwidth although its frequent realization is often of 42 kbps is considered sufficient to meet the needs of Dubacom laboratory, so that one network is shared to 10 computers, with internet speeds below 56 kbps and split into 10 simultaneously connected computer network units can be imagined with the speed at this time. However, the addition of internet network in boarding school at that time also the first boarding school WARNET (Internet cafes) was held in Banyuanyar boarding school.

In principle, the internet network in the early days of operation in Madura is dominated by internet service from PT. Telkom which started with Telkomnet@instant program and then developed with internet speedy program which internet speed is faster than before which only 56 kbps. The development of internet network technology and the novelty of services provided by the service operators also contributed to the role of novelty in the adoption of internet network in boarding school. Although different in the level of service related with time difference, but boarding school Banyuanyar provide opportunities to provide internet service as student, especially those who have been justified by the boarding school to be allowed to access the internet.

Since 2013 the telephone network to Islamic Boarding School has been improved, and now the use of internet network as able to enjoy Speedy-based internet network from TELKOM. The boarding school office already has WIFI installation. When the authors open the Wi-Fi network settings, it appeared there were Wi-Fi signals with the name 1. Boarding school office, 2. Cottage putri 1 and speedy instan@wifi.id paid network through Telkom.

As for other ways to empower student and community around Islamic Boarding School, Banyuanyar who have cooperated with DEPKOMINFO has operated the use Center for District Internet Service (PLIK) which the most priority is for society around Potoan Daya and the color of sub district of Palengaan. But due to lack of presence and use of the internet, it is more utilized by the student as long as the surrounding community does not use it. There are restrictions on students who are allowed to use the internet, especially for operational training programs. It began from student who have education level at MTS (Madrasah Tsanawiyah) to Aliyah. The purpose of this training is the use of the Internet, so they do not carelessly use the internet in the cafe. At a minimum they are given explanations on how to do internet browsing, email, and chatting. In accordance with the purpose of DEPKOMINFO with the existence of this PLIK is the program "Healthy Internet". As stated in Healthy Internet guide book (KOMINFO, 2010) that:

"Promoting freedom of expression and information on the internet safely, comfortably and wisely with self-censor approach (self-censorship) at individual and /or family levels as efforts in improve the growth of a quality local content by means of communication, socialization, education and advocacy."

This Internet training activities were conducted in the morning and afternoon. The evening section is only done during the night off activities at boarding schools. Hours of implementation from 08.00 am to 11.00 pm, noon at 13:00 to 15:00 pm. Actually, internet usage training was already provided, especially the trainings conducted at DUBACOM, one of the earlier Islamic Boarding School Internet Cafe.

During the journey of this PLIK internet use, there are some obstacles that are felt. Considering that the internet in this PLIK uses direct satellite network, does not use the PSTN telephone network cable network as it should or viber optic network, there are frequent signal disturbances, especially in bad weather conditions such as rain and so on. This Warnet PLIK only runs approximately 6 months. In the first three months, there were congestions on the internet signal. There are improvements coming from the government-appointed operational technician, but the issue does not last long, then damaged again. The management who gets the mandate to be and run the daily operations in the café were being confused. Once submitted the gripe that happened, but the complaint is only addressed via telephone and plunged into the field directly to fix it. Unfortunately, the operation of computer use is only justified for the use of the internet, so there is no authority to make these tools to other operations.

Based on the increasing number of time the computers in the PLIK is not used because of the lack of internet network in addition to damage in some parts of the cafe building, then the operational implementation of the activities submitted to the policy of the caretaker board (RH Rofiq Husein), based on his interaction, then the tools are transferred to another building in Islamic Boarding School environment. Until the last review of the author, how many units of computer PLIK has been moved to the Hall Building Center at the 2nd floor, considering the PLIK operational office has suffered severe damage due to a leaky roof and worn out termite eats. So it is feared the computer equipment is exposed to water when the rain comes.

The Communication Action of Students and New Media

Apart from the internet network is also constrained by the imposition of restrictions on the use of the Internet for some students, especially on the use of gadgets or mobile phones in the pesantren. It is coupled with network problems and internet service itself. Although it has been attempted by facilitating internet services pursued within the school and in internet cafes of pesantren. This effort is also similar to what is implemented in Pondok Pesantren Karangasem Muhammadiyah, Paciran, as a facility to meet the needs of the internet among boarding schools and with the Internet cafe (Warnet), the students can easily and cheaply access the internet to meet their needs, both because of the school tasks, get the latest information, or to open facebook or twitter. Nevertheless, the operation of the cybercafe itself cannot be used freely, but is restricted by rules and closely monitored to prevent negative effects from the internet (Ramadlan, 2012).

Different with the students who are outside the pesantren, besides they are not bound by the rules of pesantren, they are also able to use the internet whenever and wherever they want. Although initially the use of the Internet as a scientific development, will be very far away with internet activities that have been done among urban youth in Indonesia, in several surveys and studies around the year 2000-2003 which also reveal the activity of teenage internet. Result of polling detection of Jawa Pos (2000) to 252 respondents of high school student of Surabaya found that most internet users use chatting (62,3%). Another study conducted by Surya (Qamariyah, 2011) on adolescents who sit in high school and college in the municipality of Surabaya was also found that the internet facilities they often use are chatting and emailing, followed by browsing and downloading. Then, a study conducted by Novanana (2003), also shows that of 182 high school teenagers in South Jakarta which is studied, chatting is the most dominant Internet activity conducted, with the number of respondents as much as 50.5%. From the results of these studies look as familiar to the teenagers as old as the santri in the boarding school that uses the internet. Especially if the number of internet users in boarding schools compared with teenagers in America and England. In the UK, a study conducted by Livingstone et al. (2004) also found that as many as 50% of British adolescents aged 9 to 19 admitted using the internet to do school or college assignments, the Internet activity that occupied the second position of most teenagers every week after searching other online information (54%). Apparently from the results of the study of internet use among adolescents outside the boarding school more varied in using the internet, not as santri who are in the limited use of the internet that are also controlled on the use of internet content.

The main reason of the boarding school, this is because the internet infrastructure in Indonesia is still expensive and the internet is not safe enough to be accessed by the students so that the pesantren still not dare to introduce and apply the internet as one of the source of learning media students to be free and in its use.

Student's political participation

During this study, Pamekasan conducted two elections (PEMILU) at the election of regional head (PILKADA) Pamekasan and East Java Governor election (PILGUB JATIM). In Pamekasan on Wednesday, January 9, 2013, 642,808 people are listed in the Daftar Pemilih Tetap (DPT), which is expected to exercise their voting rights in electing three candidates of regent and vice regent. The third pair of candidates who fought, serial number 1 Al-Anwari-Holil (Ahok), carried by PKNU, Republican and 15 non-parliaments political party. Number 2, incumbent pair KH Kholilurrahman-Moh Masduki (Kompak), carried by PKB, Golkar, Gerindra, PBR and PDIP. And the last, number 3, Achmad Syafii-Halil (Asri) is dispatched by Democrats, PPP, PAN, PKS and Hanura Party.

At East Java level, there is election of East Java governor candidate (CAGUB JATIM). The 2013 East Java Governor elections will be held on 29 August 2013 to elect East Java Governor and Vice Governor for the period 2013-2018. There are four pairs of candidates competing in this election, namelypetahanacouple Soekarwo/Saifullah Yusuf by the Democratic Party, the Golkar Party, the Partai Amanat Nasional (PAN), the Partai Keadilan Sejahtera (PKS), the Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP), the Hanura Party , Gerindra Party, Partai Kebangkitan Nasional Ulama (PKNU), Partai Damai Sejahtera (PDS), Partai Bintang Reformasi (PBR) and 22 non-parliamentary political parties; Bambang Dwi Hartono / Said Abdullah who carried by the Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan (PDIP); Khofifah Indar Parawansa/Herman Surjadi Sumawiredja carried by Partai Kebangkitan Bangsa (PKB) and 5 non-parliamentary political parties; As well as the pair of Eggi Sudjana / Muhammad Sihat who advanced from the independent path.

General Election at the level of head of the Region especially in Pamekasan finally won by Pair of number three Achmad Syafii-Halil (Asri), certainly win and surpass the incumbent in Pilkada Pamekasan. It was after the vote recapitulation result of the local Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU), which won the couple Asri with a 10 percent advantage. As for the overall vote recapitulation result, the pair number one of Al Anwari-Holil (AHOK) got 6.905 votes (1.49 percent), the number two KH Khalilur Rahman-Moh Masduki (KOMPAK) received 205,902 votes (44.45 percent) 250,336 votes (54.51 percent) obtained by pair number three ASRI.

At the time of the process of simultaneous general elections, especially the East Java Governor Candidate Election held on August 29, 2013, the author met the election was held in Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School with the committee is also taken from the student themselves. Of the 10 TPS allocated in Potoan Daya village, five of them are placed in Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School, and some of them are placed in the Islamic Boarding School section. Some Potoan villagers themselves also conducted their election at one of the polling stations in Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School.

Figure 1: The General Election of candidate for governor (PILGUB) 2013 in Banyuanyar
The General Election of candidate for governor (PILGUB) 2013 in Banyuanyar
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The activity is a form of political participation by some of Banyuanyar's student. This level of participation has a particularly high influence on the level of knowledge about the politics of Banyuanyar’s student who have loosened their student to study and interpret politics according to their understanding and perception. It can be seen in the practice of implementation and affiliation as a political background of the leaders and caretakers of Islamic Boarding School that have affiliated with one of the political parties of Islam, the Partai Persatuan Pembangunan (PPP) as a political vehicle. However, it does not mean that Islamic Boarding School policy requires the choice of party as chosen by caretakers. Because it deals only with the ideology of the party, not the practice related to the religion. The values ​​of democracy in Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School are also carried out. There is no authority that forces to choose according to the choice of caretakers and their leaders. Apparently the result of election of regional head (Pilkada) in Pamekasan, there are students who choose outside policy in general Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School. That is, it does not have to mean the same attitude of their kiai politics.

A Non-Digital Choice

Internet as a new media has an important role in the information that can be given widely. Much of the information coming through the Internet window has, at least, provided new discourse in various activities, including political activities. The student who can access the internet as conducted by students who study outside Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School itself, not infrequently they use the internet as the delivery of containers of political aspirations of the students, is one alternative that can be used. The Internet is the most strategic liaison for student to the outside world. Many alternatives can be offered by the internet. Whether good information or bad information, all through the same channel, it is the internet. It just about how student use it.

The efforts made by the students who have limited use of internet media in boarding schools, rather than discourage the student to obtain political information. They can use mass media as well as books that become sources of information and news, as well as conversations among fellow student through word of mouth to mouth to obtain local political information of the region. Student Banyuanyar is open to political talks. As if being a commonplace and ordinary to talk about among them.

According to Zainuddin (2010) that the existence of information that can be accessed in many places is provide enlightenment and rationalization in thinking. So, that political affairs are considered the right of individual freedom to choose according to their conscience and aspirations. So that the cottage school students are able to express their aspirations according to their rational choice. Thus, according to the opinion of the reviewer, the development of political participation for the students of cottage school is such that the flow of information that can be accessed everywhere, such as books, mass media and especially electronic media indirectly has contributed significantly in the intellectual thinking other community in general included in the Islamic Boarding School students’ community.

Conclusion

The Islamic Boarding School community that has received the basis of religious scholarship widely enough, is able to synergize, develop and socialize its knowledge through the internet media, then of course from the scientific side and other fields will give more the distribution and absorption of information obtained with more equitable and widespread information provided. Thus Islamic Boarding School society is expected to be able to provide scientific synergies in the context of media literacy with increasingly widespread and able to be absorbed by the community, especially the community outside the Islamic Boarding School. With regard to the limitations of internet service in Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School occasionally perceived as a gap in the use of computer and internet media in Islamic Boarding School. However, the awareness of the restrictions imposed in Banyuanyar Islamic Boarding School is not the main obstacle in obtaining information from outside of the pesantren, especially those related to politics. The involvement of political activities also accompanied them in political events as practiced by the students of Banyuanyar in the general election of candidates for regents and governors (Pemilu Cabup and Cagub) partially placed within the Islamic Boarding School itself.

If examined from the division of innovation diffusion theory by Evert M. Rogert (1986) it can be seen that in the diversity of innovation in Islamic Boarding School, the diffusion of organizational innovation is more dominant and influences the diffusion’s row of individual innovation diffusion. It means that the policy of boarding school Banyuanyar over restrictions on the use of internet in boarding schools also affect the efforts of students Banyuanyar in getting internet services in boarding. However, the effort to keep looking for the political information especially related to the effort of analyzing the condition of politics, the names of political figures, especially the figures who approached the Islamic Boarding School to get support from the Islamic Boarding School itself, considering the Islamic Boarding School has a broad mass base, especially related to the number Student who reach thousands, plus the alumni and the relatives and the family of the student themselves. This became the interest of politicians to approach the base of Islamic Boarding School.

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Zanuddin, H., & Cholil, A. (2018). Political Information Sharing Pattern Among Students In The Islamic Boarding School. In M. Imran Qureshi (Ed.), Technology & Society: A Multidisciplinary Pathway for Sustainable Development, vol 40. European Proceedings of Social and Behavioural Sciences (pp. 197-211). Future Academy. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.05.17