Problems Of Formation Of Technological Education At The Present Stage Of Development

Abstract

Previously, the teacher proceeded from the fact that the teenager transferred knowledge will be faithful companions throughout the life of the disciple. The article cites the need to change the goals of technological education the school, which, in general terms, is interpreted as "ways of acquiring knowledge and rules of operation". The authors start from such characteristics of social- economic situation in Russia: serious demand of individualism as a necessary element for the successful development of a market economy in the country; a variety of possible developments in all spheres of public and private life; the "deification" of rationality and Economics; adaptability of life in all the diversity of this concept. The results of studies show that in terms of technological education, special attention must be given to the following key skills: the formation of the reflexive worldview, understanding the changing nature of the information and remaining open to new data; the analysis of the role of new social and cultural ideas in the interpretation of information and dissemination of knowledge; a willingness to work with conflicting information, the development of skills to reason and discuss in order to reach agreement; assess the credibility of sources of information; developing the skills of analysis and synthesis the facts on which the information based.

Keywords: Technology educationgoals of educationwork with information

Introduction

The authors reflect on the present stage of technological education, which, in general terms, is interpreted as: "ways of acquiring knowledge and rules of operation".

In the past, the goal that put the people in front of the education was to teach children something, to give him the accumulated by previous generations experience of the material, cultural and spiritual life. Previously, the teacher proceeded from the fact that the teenager transferred knowledge will be faithful companions throughout the life of the disciple (Andade, Esteves, & Neto, 2009).

And what is about today? It is necessary to look on reality around us. Modern social-economic (but not social-political) situation in Russia is characterized by: serious demand of individualism as a necessary element for the successful development of a market economy in the country. Young people are less and less bound by traditions, families, groups, academic or professional; a variety of possible developments in all spheres of public and private life. There is an almost infinite variety of occupations that require a young man of various skills, competencies, level of education, a growing number of specializations. Presently, the educational organization has to prepare students for a fleeting economic and social change, the professions, absent at classifiers and reality, to use technologies that haven't been invented yet; the "deification" of rationality and Economics: the rule of law, logic, calculation, reason, science, secularization, the desire for primarily objectivity, effectiveness, economic. Finance and consumption, is now the dominant motives of human activity (in the traditional society was dominated by such motives as the family, religion, magic, social (clan-based) interests, etc.) (Shishov, 2016); adaptability of life in all the diversity of this concept. Change the tastes and manners, customs and morality, artistic styles, dominated by "mass culture", have multiplied the forms of leisure, changing forms of family life. The most important resources of the modern world, intelligence and finance deny geographical boundaries and can be easily moved in the virtual space. This leads to a rapid growth of obsolete professions and the increase of communication speed (UNESCO, 2008).

The paradox is that the easiest way a young person can learn just the skills and competencies that are also the easiest to digitize, automate and outsource (Manyika, et al., 2013; Autor & Price, 2013; Toure, 2009; Robinson & Latchem, 2003).

All this inevitably affects the nature of technological education, and requires understanding its goals at the present stage.

Problem Statement

In the past, the main goal was to teach children and give them the experience gained by the previous generation. The teacher proceeded from the fact that the knowledge transferred to the teenager will be faithful companion throughout one’s life. Now, young people are less and less bound by traditions, families, groups. There is a huge variety of knowledge: different skills, competencies, level of education, a growing number of specializations. Therefore, the educational organization should prepare students for changes in the social, economic and professional fields.

Research Questions

Question 1: What core disciplines should be included in an educational program?

Question 2: Which key skills should be given attention in scope of technological education?

Purpose of the Study

The main goal of the study is to conduct a survey to determine which key skills should be given attention and what should be included in a modern educational program.

Research Methods

The empirical base of the research was the survey conducted in January-February, 2017. The general totality of the research are the students of 9 - 11 grades 342 people, their parents – 303 people, teachers of secondary schools – 145 employees, employers – 34. This community is considered as a homogeneous population, represented on the basis of "involvement of the respondent in the activity for the definition of the goals of modern technological education for an adequate choice of the future profession of the young man." The study used a systematic probability sample. From the 824 participants of the experiment in two Russian regions (Moscow region and Moscow) were selected 163 people for interviewing. With homogeneous general population probability systematic sampling gave equal opportunity to every member to become a respondent. Sampling error amounted to 1.5 points with 90% probability.

The object of research is social group of people motivated by an understanding of the goals of technological education at the present stage for an adequate choice of future profession by young man. The study focused on the motivation and possible models for goals of technological education at school formation.

We used the following methods of data collection: formal interview questionnaire (163 persons), observation of experts in the process of communication with respondents (22 people).

Findings

Conclusion

The authors believe that the educational program should include modern disciplines, such as robotics, entrepreneurship, programming and media communications, and yet the foundation remains the traditional subjects: mathematics, literature, languages.

In addition, in terms of technological education, special attention must be given to the following key skills: the formation of the reflexive worldview, understanding the changing nature of the information and remaining open to new data; the analysis of the role of new social and cultural ideas in the interpretation of information and dissemination of knowledge; a willingness to work with conflicting information, the development of a culture of reasoning and discussion to achieve consent; assessment of the reliability of sources of disseminating information; development of skills of analysis and synthesis of the facts relied upon by the information.

In a technological society, with its unprecedented growth in the amount of information the basic skills of working with her become more and more important for students, no matter what specialty they will choose for their professional activities.

References

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