| Item 23: The original states "settle down to sleep easily"; the back-translation states "easy to calm down". Since the original implies that the child goes to sleep soon, please ensure that the Czech version implies this as well. |
Added – „snadno se utišilo a usnulo“, which has a similar meaning in relation to "easy to calm down and get to sleep" |
| Item 31: The original states "becomes tearful"; the backtranslation states "feels sad". Since a child could be mildly sad without actually shedding tears, the backtranslation is a bit off. Please ensure that the Czech version indicates the presence of tears. |
Added – „bylo plačtivé“ in exact translation is "was tearful" |
| Item 43: The original reads "smile;' the back-translation is "laugh". Laughing is a stronger demonstration of happiness then mere smiling. Please ensure that the Czech version indicates laughter. |
Changed to „usmívalo“ – "smile" |
| Items 77/78: The original concerned the baby being "tossed around playfully" (presumably by a parent or other adult); the back-translation refers to the baby "gamesomely swinging". Please ensure that the Czech version refers to the child being engaged in very active play with an adult. |
„Když se dítě rozpustile pohupovalo, jak často se…“. In Czech it is an active expression, but in translation, the term used was "was", which describes it as a passive role of the child |
| Items 79/80: The original concerned "peek-a-boo", which in the U.S. is a different activity than "hide-and-seek" (a game played by older kids). Please ensure that the Czech version refers to the adult hiding their face behind their hands or something else, then showing their face to surprise their kids (not sure if adults in other countries play this with their infants!). |
It was very difficult to find the same way of playing this game in the Czech cultural and geographic environment. In accordance with the definition (found below) it is a similar activity, but the hidden face is on the side of the child. I do not know whether it can be taken as the same as it is described in the original version. Cognitive involvement and activity are, in both cases, dependent on the child’s performance. The definition says: Peekaboo is a game played primarily with a baby. In the game, one player hides his or her face, pops back into the view of the other, and says Peekaboo!, sometimes followed by I see you! There are many variations: for example, where trees are involved, "Hiding behind that tree!" is sometimes added. Another variation involves saying "Where's the baby?" while the face is covered and "There's the baby!" when uncovering the face. |
| Item 102: The original referred to whether the child "squeals or shouts" when excited; the back-translation refers to whether the baby "yells or cries". This item is part of the Vocal Reactivity scale, which measures positive or neutral vocalizations, not negative emotions. Please ensure that the Czech version does not suggest the baby is crying or otherwise expressing negative emotions. |
Changed to „vříská nebo křičí“ with the meaning "squeal or shout" according to the note on the left |
| Items 120/121: The original referred to the baby being "upset"; the back-translation refers to it being "excited". 'Upset' refers to the baby being unhappy (frustrated, in this case), whereas the word "excited" typically refers to a happy and activated state. Please ensure that the Czech version suggests that the child is somewhat frustrated or irritated. |
Changed to „rozzlobené“, which is equivalent to "upset" |
| Item 136: The original referred to a cloud passing overhead; the back-translation refers to the weather becoming overcast. Whereas a cloud passing overhead creates a small but immediate change, the "weather becoming overcast" could refer to a slower change in the weather. This item is part of the Perceptual Sensitivity scale, which measures reactions to small changes in the environment. Please ensure that the Czech version refers to the child noticing a change that happens quickly. |
Changed to „změny světla, když mrak zakryl slunce?“, which is equal to the original meaning |
| Item 143: Similar to 120/121. The original referred to showing "distress"; the back-translation referred to "excited". Please ensure that the Czech version suggests that the child is sad. |
Changed to „působilo sklíčeně“, which is more relevant to "showing distress" |
| Items 154-156: The original referred to "several" people; the back-translation referred to a "couple" of people. The term 'couple' refers to only two persons. Please ensure that the Czech version refers to more than this. |
The original Czech word „několika“ means "several" in English and so it could stay as it is |
| Items 156, 157 and 158. Same as 120/121. |
Changed to „působilo sklíčeně“, which is more relevant to "showing distress" |
| Item 159: There is NOT a problem with this item. I just wanted to point out that this item is part of the Approach scale, which measures positive reactions to pleasurable stimuli. In this case (but not in 120, 121, 143, 156, 157, or 158, items that make up the Negative Affectivity scale) the back-translation of "excited" is correct. |
The meaning of „vzrušené“ is relevant to "excited" |
