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Are Future Mathematics Teachers Ready for the Profession? A Pilot Study in the Spanish Framework

Table 3:

Competence framework ImportanceM(SD) PursuanceM(SD) MasteryM(SD)
Mathematical content knowledge.
MCK1. Know and understand mathematical concepts, ideas, theories and procedures according to different mathematical branches such as calculus, algebra, geometry, discrete mathematics, statistics and probability, and measurement. 6.00 (1.077) 3.96 (1.442) 4.02 (1.516)
MCK2. Know the history and recent findings of mathematics to convey a dynamic mathematical perspective. 5.24 (1.274) 3.75 (1.412) 3.76 (1.491)
Mathematical pedagogical knowledge.
MPK1. Identify students’ background and prior mathematical knowledge, as well as difficulties and mistakes, and apply those processes that can help students to face and solve them. 6.22 (1.083) 4.16 (1.541) 4.12 (1.395)
MPK2. Communicate and represent mathematical thinking coherently and clearly both orally and in writing. 6.33 (0.887) 4.20 (1.536) 4.47 (1.641)
MPK3. Make connections between mathematical concepts and other subject areas and real-life problems. 6.20 (0.960) 4.29 (1.591) 4.47 (1.515)
MPK4. Know relevant findings from teaching mathematics research as guidance for professional practice in the classroom. 5.45 (1.238) 3.90 (1.628) 3.96 (1.536)
Teaching and learning processes.
TLP1. Select creative and innovative strategies for teaching and learning mathematics appropriate to students’ needs. 5.92 (1.163) 4.39 (1.550) 4.41 (1.458)
TLP2. Be able to explain the impact on students of the strategies adopted for mathematical learning. 5.24 (1.176) 3.63 (1.399) 3.63 (1.356)
TLP3. Use a wide variety of materials and resources, such as games, puzzles, riddles, and technological devices, for teaching and learning mathematics. 5.73 (1.234) 4.43 (1.700) 4.45 (1.540)
TLP4. Know resources for mathematics teachers, such as mathematical research journals, professional mathematics organisations web sites, among others. 5.27 (1.060) 4.10 (1.300) 4.20 (1.265)
Classroom management.
CM1. Enforce rules and routines of behaviour in classroom practice during mathematics lessons, in accordance with the school behaviour policy. 5.47 (1.155) 3.73 (1.601) 4.04 (1.574)
CM2. Use a variety of techniques to motivate students to develop enthusiasm for and interest in mathematics. 6.24 (1.142) 4.12 (1.716) 4.33 (1.717)
CM3. Make efficient use of classroom space to accommodate different learning techniques both collaboratively and individually. 5.29 (1.361) 3.78 (1.579) 3.94 (1.690)
CM4. Promote mathematical learning situations that allow students to ask questions themselves, investigate, and seek answers. 5.84 (1.065) 3.94 (1.502) 4.02 (1.435)
Lesson planning.
LP1. Plan well-structured lessons that address appropriate learning goals, considering national mathematics curricula standards. 5.82 (1.090) 4.67 (1.583) 4.67 (1.506)
LP2. Know the national curriculum in Spain, identify its different elements and its application in the area of mathematics in secondary education. 5.49 (1.206) 5.14 (1.400) 5.04 (1.385)
LP3. Set homework and plan other out-of-class activities to reinforce the mathematical knowledge that students have previously acquired. 5.45 (1.222) 3.76 (1.544) 4.10 (1.688)
Assessment and mentoring.
AM1. Employ different methods and techniques to assess students´ mathematical learning that are rigorous, objective and fair. 5.69 (1.273) 4.06 (1.542) 4.08 (1.495)
AM2. Use the results obtained from the assessment to diagnose difficulties, set goals and plan future learning experiences within the area of mathematics. 5.76 (1.210) 3.75 (1.495) 3.86 (1.429)
AM3. Provide constructive, purposeful and timely feedback to students, their families, and school authorities. 5.67 (1.089) 3.57 (1.578) 3.73 (1.484)
Developmental psychology.
DP1. Know student characteristics (e.g., motivation, attitudes…) and their social context. 5.96 (1.038) 4.31 (1.435) 4.47 (1.433)
DP2. Know the stages of student cognitive development and its influence on mathematics learning. 5.78 (1.083) 4.65 (1.309) 4.51 (1.433)
DP3. Adapt the teaching process to support students’ learning at different stages of development using adequate strategies and methods. 5.75 (0.997) 4.22 (1.419) 4.14 (1.470)
Inclusion and diversity.
ID1. Identify different student needs, including those with special educational needs, high ability, and/or disabilities. 6.20 (0.749) 4.12 (1.608) 3.92 (1.495)
ID2. Adapt teaching to respond to the strengths and needs of all students, designing differentiated instruction that addresses student diversity and encourages an inclusive education. 5.84 (1.027) 4.00 (1.697) 4.02 (1.594)
ID3. Know when and about which aspects to seek support and to cooperate with specialised supporting staff for students with specific educational needs. 5.80 (0.849) 3.94 (1.793) 3.88 (1.751)
Technology knowledge.
TK1. Apply information and communication technologies within educational settings and mathematics teaching, analysing its impact on mathematics learning. 5.63 (1.058) 4.51 (1.554) 4.57 (1.404)
Communication skills.
CS1. Use effective verbal and non-verbal communication techniques to foster and support interaction in the classroom and in the school community. 5.57 (1.044) 3.96 (1.661) 4.04 (1.536)
Contribution to school organisation.
CSO2. Contribute in the design of the comprehensive education plan and common school activities with special attention to teaching quality improvement. 5.02 (1.208) 3.65 (1.585) 3.88 (1.519)
CSO3. Participate actively in school decision making, especially in those that apply to the mathematics department. 5.25 (1.214) 3.31 (1.581) 3.55 (1.527)
Personal commitment.
PC1. Exhibit personal attributes – such as enthusiasm for mathematics and its learning, care and respect for the students, autonomy, self-esteem – that assist to engage students in their learning and maximise their achievement. 6.16 (1.120) 4.10 (1.513) 4.45 (1.629)
PC2. Contribute to the improvement of mathematics teaching by actively engaging students and collaborating with colleagues in mathematical activities both inside and outside the classroom. 5.92 (0.977) 4.00 (1.549) 4.35 (1.610)
PC3. Commit to teaching professional development, participating in training programmes for mathematics teachers. 5.71 (0.944) 3.53 (1.515) 4.04 (1.788)
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