Managerial Ownership, Horizontal Agency Costs and Monitoring Mechanisms
Table 1:
| Variable | VIF | 1/VIF |
| Managerial Ownership | 1.01 | 0.985 |
| Horizontal-agency-costs | 1.00 | 0.998 |
| Company Performance | 1.02 | 0.979 |
| Company’s Complexity | 1.01 | 0.992 |
| Mean VIF | 1.01 |
| Variable | VIF | 1/VIF |
| Managerial Ownership | 1.01 | 0.985 |
| Horizontal-agency-costs | 1.00 | 0.998 |
| Company Performance | 1.02 | 0.979 |
| Company’s Complexity | 1.01 | 0.992 |
| Mean VIF | 1.01 |