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Second Foreign Language Learning Strategies From the Perspective of Students

Table 2: Frequency of usage of the cognitive strategies

Strategies and techniques Frequency average value Always or usually (percentage, %) Rarely or never (percentage, %)
Subgroup - Practising 2.50
Repeating (practice) 3.12 48 36
Formally practising with sounds and writing systems 2.65 22 50
Recognizing and using formulas and patterns 2.88 33 39
Recombining 2.47 20 53
Practising naturalistically 1.65 9 84
Subgroup Receiving and sending messages 3.43
Getting the idea quickly 3.34 52 25
Using resources for receiving and sending messages 3.51 55 20
Subgroup - Analysing and reasoning 2.93
Reasoning deductively 2.72 28 43
Analysing expression 2.61 26 50
Analysing contrastively 3.04 43 35
Translating 3.52 63 20
Transferring 2.74 27 40
Subgroup – Creating structures 2.65
Taking notes 2.99 34 35
Summarising 1.75 9 77
Highlighting 3.22 47 35
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