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Validating an Over-Indebtedness Measurement Scale That is Specifically Tailored to Borrower’s Context

Table 3: EFA result

KMO and Bartlett’s Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy 0.704
Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 348.875
df 45
Sig. 0.000
Factor Loading
Items 1Psychology 2Basic 3Economic Cronbach's
OID11 Feel threatened and disturbed by friends/family/loan officer. 0.826     0.724
OID12 Facing with psychological stress yourself or in your marriage. 0.703    
OID9 Use family/friends' support to repay 0.658    
OID7 Borrow anew to repay (take an additional loan from another lender). 0.639    
OID2 Reduce the quantity of food intake   0.835   0.726
OID1 Reduce food quality (cut down eating outside)   0.809  
OID6 Reduce your financial savings (e.g., money in the savings account).   0.627  
OID4 Postpone important expenses (e.g., for health, housing, business assets, etc.)     0.813 0.645
OID5 Work more than usual (e.g., doing part time job, work longer hours, working on weekends).     0.621
OID10 Facing from shame when people talk about you.     0.571
Eigenvalue 2.405 2.205 1.763
% of Variance 24.046 22.054 17.627
Cumulative % 24.046 46.099 63.726
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