WORLD WAR II: FALSIFICATIONS, VERSIONS, DEVIATIONS FROM THE NORMS OF OBJECTIVE RESEARCH

The process of reviewing the events of world history in favor of a particular state is observed regularly. The deliberate distortion of various social and political phenomena as well facts is particularly acute in the history of the Second World War. There is an increased number of falsifications, through which various viewpoints of the anti-Russian kind are being imposed. In the context of the escalated confrontation between the leading world powers, the manipulation of public opinion on the problems of global development has become one of the main means of ideological struggle. Concerning the Second World War, its events are not accurately covered, too much attention is paid to hypotheses, and versions, assumptions forging the historical truth. The purpose of such a revision of history is not just to misrepresent events in their favor, but to give equal responsibility to the USSR and Nazi Germany for unleashing the war, to minimize the role of our country in defeating the aggressor. The article reveals the techniques and methods of falsifying the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War which is its integral part: moral and legal extrapolation, scaling of local statistics, isolation of the event from the historical context. Some features of modern myth-making approaches are analyzed: technological effectiveness, synthesis of falsification with elements of psychological and PR technologies, imposition of false ideas through emotional influence. Proposals to overcome attempts to falsify history are provided. phenomena); forecasting of possible consequences of falsification of the historical process; moral and legal extrapolation, scaling of local statistics, overcoming the isolation of the event from the historical context.


Introduction
Falsification of history is understood as a deliberate distortion of historical events, facts, and their interpretation, manipulation of sources for certain purposes. Deviation from objective coverage of the historical process is an ideological deviation. The falsification of history includes historical myth-making, which has become widespread. The content of falsifications, the approaches, and methods used indicate that historical science has become a field of confrontation, and the methods of falsification are the tools for manipulating public consciousness.
Almost all countries of the world have established national institutions that study the history of their States. At the same time, their importance in the global development of civilization is often exaggerated, while underestimating the role of others. Political patronage of domestic falsifiers and the rise of Euro-Atlantic ideological aggression have played their part. This led to the fact that the USSR and Germany were placed equal responsibility for the outbreak of the Second World War: in September 2019, the European Parliament adopted a resolution on the matter. Besides, in some states (the Baltic States, Ukraine, Georgia), the concept of "Great Patriotic War" has disappeared from the political lexicon.
The cynicism with which the children and grandchildren of the Nazis ignore the verdicts of the Nuremberg International Tribunal requires to be countered, concerning the distortion of various pages of Russian history. At present, the work on exposing the falsifications of Russia's place in the world community, objectifying the assessment of the activities of its leaders, who have made the greatest contribution to the strengthening of the country, has intensified. This is promoted by the Constitution of the Russian Federation (the Basic Law), adopted by popular vote on July 1, 2020, which intensifies the activities of all society, mainstreaming scientific research in the field of history and theory of state and law.
The information war against Russia does not stop. A large-scale, timely, and well-reasoned opposition to the distortion of the history of Russia is an urgent task.

Problem Statement
The Great Patriotic War is a civilizational event. It has elevated Russia, which does not suit European politicians. In the Euro-Atlantic literature, the topic of falsification of the history of the USSR, the Slavic-Russian civilization as a whole, takes a leading place. A group of unscrupulous publicists has emerged in Russia. The main goal of numerous manipulations is to minimize the role of the USSR and its people in the liberation of the world from Nazism, to present the country as one of the aggressors and the culprit of the global world conflict, to rehabilitate and legalize the ideology of Nazism and nationalism. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.11.230 Corresponding Author: Vasily Ivanovich Zhukov Selection and peer-review under

Research Questions
The real effects of the events on individual countries are not always considered in shaping public policies. In particular, the role of the United States, France, Poland, and some other countries in the victory over Nazism is exaggerated. There is no objectivity in covering the participation of entire peoples, for example, the Chechens, in battles. Thus, restoring the real historical picture of global development and interaction of the peoples of the world is an urgent research task.
Nazism was opposed by the policy of the USSR, its leaders, who did everything to curb the aggressor. But Hitler had more accomplices than Stalin had allies. It was not possible to overcome the Western European short-sighted focus. Some of the events of these years have been either relatively little studied or not enough known. This article seeks to fill some gaps in the coverage of global civilizational development.

Purpose of the Study
The primary objective of the study is to provide evidence for the collective responsibility of Naziinfected Europe, led by Hitler's Germany, in unleashing the Second World War, and to consider the countries which contributed to the militarization of Germany and the growth of its aggressive policy.
So, the purpose of the research is to objectify the course of events, the outcome of the war, and its lessons, based on scientific principles. The article reveals the role of all the peoples of the USSR, the governing bodies of the state, the command staff, and other forces that became the sources of victory in the Second World War.
The techniques and methods of falsifying the history of the Second World War and the Great Patriotic War, which is its integral part, are explored. Guided by the principle of an objective presentation of history, the author aims to reject any attempts to falsify various pages of Russian history, to defend the authenticity of the presentation of the events and results of the Second World War. The access to the archived documents makes it possible to study and discuss new subjects.

Research Methods
The main research methods are as follows: historicism; analysis of events in chronological sequence (diachronic method); historical-comparative studies (objective comparison of historical https: //doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.11.230 Corresponding Author: Vasily Ivanovich Zhukov Selection and peer-review under  The features of modern myth-making approaches, the synthesis of falsification with elements of psychological and PR technologies through emotional influence are analyzed.

Findings
In the course of the global development of civilization, some countries began to form a state historical policy, aimed at, in some cases, exaggerating, in others, minimizing and falsifying the role of the peoples of different countries in the defeat of Nazi Germany and its allies.
The responsible researchers opposed the historical school of the FRG, whose representatives to the struggle of Polish patriots, the country was among the winners, received the German city of Breslau (today Wroclaw). The part of the Polish territory with the city of Vilna at the suggestion of Stalin was transferred to Lithuania and the capital Vilnius appeared. Rich "trophies" were received by other European countries that began the war as allies of Nazi Germany: Romania got one region of Ukraine, Hungary -two, France got Silesia, Lorraine, the German city of Strasbourg, and the whole of Western Europe became a zone of Anglo-American influence.
There is still a myth that it was the USSR that attacked Hitler's Germany. No, the Soviet Union was attacked by a united Europe infected with Nazism. The German defense industry and its military capacity, contrary to the international agreements, were created with the money of bankers in the United States, England, and other countries. Almost all European states worked for the German war machine.
Having defeated their armies, Germany received military equipment and material resources of 92 French, 30 Czechoslovak, 22 Belgian, 18 Dutch, 6 Norwegian, and many divisions of other countries. In France alone, the Nazis captured 3000 aircrafts and over 3500 tanks. The trophies were enough to equip 150 Hitler divisions (Zhukov, 2007).
All these facts remain unreported. Therefore, Europe, which almost voluntarily surrendered to Hitler, is interested in falsifying the role of the USSR in defeating Nazism and Japanese militarism, since an objective interpretation of history destroys its myth of Russia as a permanent geopolitical rival. https://doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.11.230 Corresponding Author: Vasily Ivanovich Zhukov Selection and peer-review under  The fact is that among those who went to war from the Chechen-Ingush Republic, two-thirds were volunteers, and half of them were killed. Red Army soldiers of many nationalities took part in the heroic defense of the Brest Fortress, but one-third of them were Chechens. One of them, Molvdi Umarov, tied grenades, rushed into the crowd of the Nazis, blew them up and himself with the words "For the Motherland!" (Oshaev, 2004).
It is known that in the battle near the village of Zakharovka, machine gunner Khanpasha Nuradilov killed 120 Nazis and took seven more prisoners. Sniper Abukhaji Idrisov killed 349 Nazi soldiers and officers. In the sky over Leningrad, the Chechen pilot Dasha Akaev, who rose to the commander of the 35th Assault Aviation Regiment, fought valiantly. He was killed when he sent a burning plane to an enemy airfield (Ibragimov, 2017).
The heroism of the soldiers of the 255th Separate Chechen-Ingush Regiment under the command of Mavlid Visaitov, during the defense of Stalingrad, in the battles for Kiev, the Donbass, the Crimea, Rostov, Poland, and Berlin, is admired. M. Visaitov, a Chechen, was the first Soviet officer to shake hands with the commander of the advanced units of the US Army, General Bolling, during the historic meeting on the Elbe. As the best cavalryman of the Soviet Army, he received a horse as a gift from Mikhail Sholokhov (Isakieva & Kadyrova, 2020;Tsutsulaeva, 2018).
In the Chechen Republic, the memory of heroes-compatriots is honored. It was not possible to falsify the history of the Chechen people's participation in the liberation war. Nevertheless, the https: //doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.11.230 Corresponding Author: Vasily Ivanovich Zhukov Selection and peer-review under  Of course, some stood on the other side of the front line. However, those, who joined the enemy, should not be elevated to the rank of heroes who fought against the Bolsheviks. They did not betray Stalin, but the Motherland; they committed crimes against the state, exterminated Soviet servicemen, and the civilian population of the country. Suffice it to state that the tragedy of the Belarusian village of Khatyn, where 149 residents were burned alive, including 75 children aged 7 weeks to 16 years, at the hands of the 118th German battalion, commanded by a Polish officer, the company commander was a German. The Nazis of Ukrainian nationality burned the elderly, women, and children.

Conclusion
History is the jewel in the crown of power, the principal value of the peoples. Historical politics is broader than political science. This is a form of political confrontation between countries and ideologies.
Historical science and jurisprudence should find ways to counteract falsifications, various deviations from reliable data, and warn about the ideological consequences of distorting both history as a whole and the role of outstanding personalities for the patriotic education of the population.
As a result of the short-sighted national state historical policy, the irrational reform of the system of science, education, and upbringing, numerous "works" and even "textbooks" have appeared, with unreliable data that cannot be used to form and justify a responsible political course, to educate a citizen with desired qualities and lawful behavior.
The principal requirement for historical politics is to promote the achievement of national interests in the global rivalry of the countries of the world. But this rule applies only when the national interests of a particular country are an absolute and unconditional priority for the Government.